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Rh Arts," led to his appointment, in 1808, to the Professorship of Anatomy to the Royal Academy, a situation which he filled with great advantage to the students during a period of sixteen years.

Sir Anthony Carlisle was not less distinguished for his know- ledge of anatomy, physiology, and natural history, than for his professional merits, and for his patience and skill as an instructor of medical students. As a practitioner, he was invariably kind and attentive to those who were entrusted to his care, and eminently liberal in devoting his professional services to those who had no adequate means of repaying them.

Mr. Nicholas Aylward Vigors was born in 1787, at Old Leighlin, in the county of Carlow, where his family had long re- sided. After the usual preparatory education, he proceeded to the University of Oxford, where he became a very diligent and success- ful student. On quitting the University, he purchased a commis- sion in the Guards, and distinguished himself highly at the battle of Barossa, by continuing to bear the colours of his regiment after he was severely wounded. On his return from the Peninsula, he was prevailed upon, by the earnest entreaties of his family, to quit the army ; and he devoted himself afterwards, with characteristic ardour, to scientific and literary pursuits.

Mr. Vigors was one of the founders and the first Secretary of the Zoological Society, to whose museum he gave his very valuable collections of ornithology and entomology, which were the two branches of natural history he had most carefidly studied. He was the author of a very elaborate paper in the Linnean Transac- tions*, "On the Natural Affinities which connect the Orders and Families of Birds," in which he attempted to apply in detail the same principles of arrangement that Mr. MacLeay had previously sketched out in his HorcB EntoraologiccB^ in a more general way, as applicable to the whole animal kingdom. He afterwards pub- lished, in "conjunction with Dr. Horsfield, another very valuable memoirf on the Birds of Australia, grounded upon a rich collection from that country, in the possession of the Linnean Society, which they described and arranged according to their natural affinities. He was likewise the principal editor, during several years, of the " Zoological Journal," in which he wrote many memoirs, chiefly de- voted to the further exposition of his views with respect to the affinities of birds, but some of them descriptive of new or rare Mammalia, or new forms of exotic insects or birds.

Mr. Vigors was a man of very considerable attainments as a scholar as well as a naturalist, and made a liberal use of an ample private fortune in the promotion of those sciences which he culti- vated : he was the representative in Parliament, for some years be- fore his death, first of the city, and lastly of the county of Carlow.

Mr. RiCKMAN was born in 1771? and educated at Westminster School, from whence he proceeded as a student to Christ Church, Oxford. Early in life he was recommended by Dean Jackson as


 * Linnean Transactions, vol. xiv.