Page:Primary Lessons In Swatow Grammar.djvu/96

76 ; i ìn pêng-kṳ̃ chhut--lâi,
 * he brought forth testimony.


 * pêng-kṳ̃—i ìn chhut--lâi,
 * testimony—he brought forth.


 * tang-mn̂g chhut ũ nâng-bé chōi-chōi,
 * from the east gate issued men in great numbers.


 * chí-kâi-sṳ̄ chò-sêng sĩ-tõ Siãng-hái,
 * this matter was done in Shanghai.


 * uá bô-thàn hó-hôiⁿ--i,
 * I have not the wherewithal to pay him.


 * chí-kâi sĩ pí-jũ iā-sĩ si̍t-sṳ̄,
 * this is a parable and it is also a matter of fact.

Subjunctive.

Equivalents for such conditional words as if, if so, though, lest, perhaps, perchance, it may be that, dc.


 * jia̍k; jû-jia̍k; tháng-jia̍k,
 * if.


 * jia̍k-sĩ,
 * if it is so.


 * a-sĩ; jia̍k-a-sĩ,
 * if really so; if that’s the way it is.


 * ho̍k-chiá,
 * perhaps; it may be.


 * kiá-jû; kóu-jû,
 * if.


 * pa-lak,
 * perhaps; perchance.


 * chò,
 * it being so; if it be so.


 * jia̍k-jiên,
 * if now then, that is the case.


 * si̍t-chãi a-sĩ,
 * if truly it is so.


 * siet-sái; siet-jia̍k,
 * supposing that.


 * khó-pí,
 * if, for example.

These words are placed at or near the beginning of a sentence, or just before the verb, to impart a Subjunctive sense. They are used sometimes one alone, and sometimes two or three together, to give different shades of meaning and different degrees of force.


 * a-sĩ m̄-tõ, lṳ́ hó-tńg--lâi,
 * he is not there, you may come back.


 * i jia̍k-sĩ-lâi, lṳ́ hó kāng-i tàⁿ,
 * if he comes, do you tell it to him.


 * lṳ́, chu-jû ũ-ngṳ̂n, chiũ-hó-bói,
 * you, if you have money, then you may buy.


 * jia̍k-a-sĩ i m̄-hàuⁿ, chiũ-hiah,
 * if he does not want to, then that’s the end of it.


 * siet-jia̍k hó-chò, chiũ-chò,
 * if the thing can be done, then do it, or, let it be done.


 * siet-sái-i tàⁿ chí-kâi-ūe, lṳ́ hó chièⁿ-seⁿ ìn-tap--i,
 * supposing that he says these words, then do you thus and so answer him.


 * pa-lak i thiaⁿ-lṳ́ khǹg-kòi chiũ-hó,
 * if, perchance, he listens to your advice, then well.