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associated with David just before 1850 were Wasielewski, later of Bonn, and the young Joachim, later of Hanover and Berlin. In the line of leading 'cellists have been in 1849-60 Friedrich Grützmacher; in 1859-62 Karl Davidow (d. 1889); in 1866-74 Emil Hegar; in 1874-81 Karl Schröder; in 1881-6 his brother Alwin Schröder; and later Julius Klengel. Long terms of service have been notable in many other cases, as for 56 years from 1777 of the double-bassist ''Karl Gottfried Wilhelm Wach (d. 1833); for 36 years from 1835 of the timpanist E. G. B. Pfundt'' (d. 1871); for 45 years from 1840 of the clarinettist Bernhardt Landgraf (d. 1885); for 29 years from 1846 of the violist Friedrich Hermann; for over 40 years from 1864 of the hornist ''Friedrich Adolf Gumpert'' (d. 1906); for about 25 years from 1867 of the oboist Gustav Adolf Hinke (d. 1893); for 28 years from 1867 of the flutist Wilhelm Barge, whom in 1895 Maximilian Schwedler followed, the latter having been second flute since 1881. Almost all of these made their mark as virtuosi and composers. Many other names might be given. No summary can be offered of the many virtuosi, instrumental and vocal, who have appeared at the concerts during the last hundred years, or of the innumerable works performed. In 1884 the old building, with its fascinating associations, was replaced by a splendid modern hall.

The Leipsic Conservatory is indissolubly connected with the Gewandhaus orchestra, since from its foundation in 1843 it was housed in the same complex of civic buildings and has been directed usually by the same officers. Mendelssohn was the originator of the whole plan, the one who secured the assignment of 20,000 thalers from the king of Saxony which was the first pecuniary basis, and the inspirer of the first teachers and students. But his leadership was brief. The directors since his time have been from 1847 Konrad Schleinitz (d. 1881); from 1881 Otto Günther (d. 1897); and from 1897 Karl Reinecke. The distinguished theory-teachers have been from 1843 Hauptmann (d. 1868); from 1843 also E. F. Richter (d. 1879); in 1848-60 Julius Rietz (d. 1877); from 1851 Robert Papperitz (d. 1903); from 1860 Reinecke; from 1869 Oscar Paul (d. 1898); from 1871 Jadassohn (d. 1902); and in 1872-83 and from 1897 Alfred Richter. Among the piano-teachers have been in 1843-65 Louis Plaidy (d. 1874); from 1843 Ernst Wenzel (d. 1880); from 1846 Ignaz Moscheles (d. 1870); from 1860 Reinecke; from 1864 Theodor Coccius (d. 1897); from 1873 Johannes Weidenbach (d. 1902); in 1875-98 Bruno Zwintscher; from 1877 Alois Reckendorf; and from 1886, Adolf Ruthardt. The violin-teachers include from the Gewandhaus leaders David, Dreyschock, Röntgen, and Brodsky, with the violist ''Friedrich Hermann and, since 1883, Hans Sitt''. The 'cellists Grützmacher, Davidow, Hegar, the Schröders, and Klengel have likewise shared their energies. Among the vocal teachers have been in 1853-67 ''Franz Götze (d. 1888); and from 1877 Friedrich Rebling'' (d. 1900). The first teacher of music-history was Brendel (d. 1868); and the first organ-teacher (till 1856) K. F. Becker (d. 1877). No account is possible of the multitude of talented and famous pupils that have been sent out. In 1887 the conservatory was housed in a fine new building of its own.