Page:Popular Science Monthly Volume 92.djvu/621

 Popular Sclcnrr Moiilhl// A Revolving Washtub Stand Made of Cart Wheels

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��AS the lady of the house asked for a . washtub stand, the scrap pile was given a thorough search to find boards enough to make one. While doing this two discarded cart wheels were discovered and immedi- ately these suggested the idea of build- ing a rotating stand. The axle was pro- cured and cut down so that its length was right to make the stand hold the tubs be- neath the wringer on the machine. One wheel formed the base, to which braces were attached to hold the axle upright. The other wheel made the re- volving top. Two or three tubs can be set on such a stand and be brought beneath the wringer in turn. — Henry Klaus.

���The revolving upper wheel brings the tubs in their turn under the wringer upon the washing machine

��Proper Cooling for Engines of Motor Boats

A CONSIDERABLE improvement can be made by motor-boat owners in the proper cooling of the engines as installed by the makers, that will result in in- creased enjoyment and comfort in the use of their craft.

As the water for cooling the motor is taken from outside the hull there is always a plentiful and cool supply to draw from, and the boat owner never has to worry about a leaky radiator or an over- heated engine as does the autoist. But herein lies one trouble with many marine motors — they are often cooled too much. To obtain the greatest efficiency from the fuel consumed, a gasoline motor should run fairly hot. The fuel vaporizes more

��perfectly, the compression is better and therefore a motor develops more power when hot than when it is cold. Of course this may be overdone. There are certain limits that should be observed in both directions.

On many motor-boats the pipes for conveying the water to and from the engine, and also the water pumi)s, are much larger than needed and as a result the motor is kept too cool. The varia- tions in the temperature of the water supply are also a factor that is seldom taken into consideration by the man- ufacturers wKen installing the motor equipment.

A simple and positive method of regulating en- gine tempera- ture is to place an ordinary globe valv^e at some accessi- ble point in the pipe line lead- ing to the en- gine. By using this valve the -^ heat of the mo- tor can be con- trolled to com- pensate for the differences in the temperature of the water supply to secure the best working condition.

The proper cooling of the exhaust pipe line is another detail that is often not given proper attention by boat makers. When the exhaust pipe runs directly from the motor out through the side of the boat no cooling is necessary, but when it runs under the seats along the side and out at the stern the heat is unpleasant and may sometimes be dangerous.

To correct this trouble it is only neces- sary to tap the cooling water discharge pipe at some convenient point and con- nect a 1 s-in. pipe to the exhaust line. A globe valve should be placed in the pipe line to regulate the flow of water into the exhaust line. The connection into the exhaust should not be made too close to the motor; 8 or 10 in. from the cylinder is about right.

By adjusting the valve in the pipe line enough water can be admitted into the ex- haust pipe to keer ic cool, — N. C. Helms.

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