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open and swampy area to the southwest and directly in the line of its previous courses. It is apparently a case of reversed drainage. After a somewhat sinuous easterly course of eight or ten miles, the Hudson turns again abruptly south, receiving at the same time the Boreas River, which comes in from the north with the waters of a broad, open region much masked by drift and filled with swamps and lakes. It would seem as if the Hudson had jumped thus from one older drainage line to another. The Hudson next flows due south for four or five miles, then turns once more eastward, for eight miles, then south and southeast until it again turns eastward, northward and finally eastward with marked meanders across the great sandy plain near Glens Falls. Finally at Sandy Hill it swings around once more to the south and takes its nearly uniform course for the sea.

The Sacondaga River has also this same peculiar rectangular bending from north and south to east and west courses, and with a most peculiar turn parallel in all respects to the bend of the Hudson, it swings into the latter some miles above Glens Falls.

These bendings are in large part to be explained by the old series