Page:Popular Science Monthly Volume 57.djvu/442

432 Josef Land, to be replaced as Spitzbergen was neared by a wader (Crymophilus fulicarius), 83° 01' N.; forked-tailed skuas (Stercorarius pomatorhinus), 82° 57' N., and Bruennich's guillemot (Uria lomvia), 83° 11' N. The glaucous gull (Larus glaucus), 84° 48' K, and long tailed skua (Stercorarius longicaudus), 84° 47' N., although seen both summers, were quite infrequent. These data indicate absence of land at any near distance to the north, and disclose the interesting fact that only the six following species, including the snow-bird who is more probably a straggler, can be classed as regular summer migrants to the

vast ice-fields which cover the Arctic Ocean to the north of Spitzbergen and Franz Josef Land.

The little auk (Alle alle), 84° 48' N., was visible almost daily near the 83d parallel in great numbers during the summer season, wherever there were numerous water channels near the Fram. Of 40 birds killed at one time, only ten were females.

The dovekie (Cepphus mandti), 84° 32' N., with the little auk, was the most numerous of all birds in very high latitudes, and nearly