Page:Popular Science December 1931.djvu/139

 34 Lesson Drawing Course 9.98 The biggest value you ever saw advertised anywhere. . IliTcn't you often wished thst you rould draw rartoons, illustrate some Idea, sketch aome pretty fare, etc.? You can do all of these thinirs. One of America's niont famous rartoonlsis and IIIuh- t raters has developed a crreat. simple (tystem for surcess in all branches of Commercial Art. This system has revolutionized the entire theory drawlnfc. It means that drawine can lie as easy for you a; n'ritlns — much simpler than learning shorthand, bookkeoplnp or type- writing. We are now placing this orifiinal system for learning Drawing, Art and Cartooning, consisting of 34 lessons with( over 5(10 illustrations, within reach of erery one. If you will devote a few hours each week to the Course WE ABSO- LTTELY OrAHANTEE that you will learn to draw and draw well before you have half finished the Course. If we fail to make this claim good, we will refund every cent paid us. By eliminating a large office force for answering corre- spondenre, expensive catalogs, etc.. we are enabled to make a price of $2.yK. the cheapest price ever known for a high-grade home study course. Learn lo draw. It is a big assct. no matter what field you are In. Send No Money ^$2.98 Jiut nrdertheCournf .ftnd | »n arrival paj ptintman, plus a few r«nt« pontaKF. payment in full for the entire Course ■ml I>rnwin»f Outfit. If not rnlircly Katidfied, return within five (layn and wewiilKEFUND MUNEY. Addreaii: If you orle f.l.2H oaoh with order. BE A PASSENGER TRAFFIC INSPECTOR Railway— Railroad and Bus TRAINED MEN-19 to 5f>-needed In l'aasen»!^r Traflii- Iiwperlii'n. Rrpe)rt to important (■flicialf— biK opportunity for advancrmrnt. Intrredtlntr. outdoou. STANDARD i^fivVd ■UtmESSTiAINIHG INSTITUTE. Bh. 312. laffali. N. T. ^ SALESMEN — Screw Holding Screw Drivers ! Xot ^^agneti^. Ama:einK new patented invention! Reiiiove, hold. Insert scriws one-handed instantly from Inacct-sfible places. Factories, panigcs, electricians, mechanics, electric light companies, seriice stations, auto, radio owners buy on Bight 1 Sells Jl.-'iO only. Tremendous market! litg rcpcat.s: Western Electric, General Electric, WesilnBliou>e. RCA Victor, rhiko large users. EXCLl'SIVE TKHUITOUY. Startling bottle demonstrailor makfii quick sale^. Write fiuickly for FREE trial ofTer and di^drihutor's proiwiition! Millcn. 5030 WInthrop Bldg.. Boston. Mass. This Book Has Helped Tliousancis to Success The Real Estate Educator The Xew Revised Edition, contains Questions and An- .swcrs: Brokers' License Law; Dictionary of Words and Phrases in Keal Lstate and Construction; How to .ppraise Trnperty ; Law of Real Estate; How to Advertise Real Es- tate; Lcfial Forms; Commissions to .^Kents: "Don'ts" in Contracts, etc.
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St-nd fl.llit money order in onlerlng (iirect Troin us. Free information — write to: - KEMKIT CHEMICAL CORP. 13S Johnson St.. Brooklyn, N. Y. DEEPEST OIL WELL TWO MILES DOWN ( Conlinucd from pufjc 21 ) Associatcd's Clarke Xo. 2 at Santa Fe Sprinps, Calif., recorded a temperature of 206 deprces at 7,800 feet. Seven other wells failed repeatedly to get cement to "set" over this hot formation, although one made nine attempts. Drillers finally brought in Clarke Xo. 2 only after circulating fifty tons of ice to chill the formation. Extreme variations in temperature in dif- ferent localities lead some scientists to believe that these fluctuations may reveal subter- ranean folds or trends of structure not detected through surface mapping. Great as are the obstacles ahead, experts predict marvelous strides toward still deeper drilling in the near future. Looking back seventy-two years, to the time Colonel Drake drilled the first American oil well at Titus- ville. Pa., oil men recall with a chuckle the crude tools by which wells were first shoved down to the shallow eastern pools. A WOODEN walking beam, driven by a revolving eccentric wheel, slowly jerked a manila rope up and down, lifting" the bit and letting it fall sharply. A pair of chain- like links allowed a little slack in the line which, when taken up on the up-strokc,jcrked the bit free from the bottom. Thus a regular oscillation was built up with the bit jumping through a wide swing and hitting the bottom with considerable force. This column of steel, five inches in diameter and forty or fifty feet long and weighing a ton or more, slowly sank a hole downward, its beveled edge chip- ping its way into the rock like a huge pick. The next few years saw a number of rad- ical changes. Chief among the.sc was the introduction of the rotary drill, which whirled the bit down through the hardest strata with astonishing speed. Already, drill- ers had found that by keeping the hole full of water, the gas and oil can be kept under control until the well is ready to be brought in. Even very large producers can thus be restrained from gushing over the derrick. So potent is the weight of this column of water that rich oil strata are drilled right through without knowledge of the drillers. In the barren, humpy Elk Hills field, one well passed blindly through a gas zone which later tipped the gage at 800 pounds per square inch. Subsequently this well yielded natural gas at the rate of from 30,000.000 to 100,000,000 cubic feet daily. In the Coyote Hills, some eighty-five wells passed through an oil sand which was later tapped by a well to yield 10.000 barrels a day. By pumping a steady stream of mud down through the center of the drill pipe, out through holes in the bit, and back up around the casing, the restraining pressure of the heavy fluid on unruly gas zones was increased, while circulation of the mud sof- tened the hole and kept it clean of cuttings. M the same time, drillers learned to watch the mud flowing back out of the hole until oil showings arc betrayed by bursting bubbles of gas released at the surface of the mud. ENGINEERS, who had previously placed the limit of deep drilling at the point where the buoyancy of the manila drilling cable floated the bit in the water, now saw no limit to the number of strings of pipe that could be .screwed end to end to twist the drill. Humping over the mud ditch until a strong odor of natural gas revealed the presence of the oil zones their survey had predicted, geologists earned the picturesque name of "mud smellers." 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