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 artists' oil colors, mixed with turps and japan drier. In addition to the white, a steel-gray will be needed, also a pure green, cream, brown, vermilion and ivory black.

Cut a strip of white pine, $1/8$ in. thick, $3/8$ in. wide and 16 in. long, for the main rail. Starting 3 in. back on the quarterdeck, glue and dowel the strip down as in Fig. 31, allowing the outer edge to project $1/16$ in. over the hull edge. Carry the strip forward, gluing and pinning it to the timber heads and the bulwark, and keeping the projection $1/16$ in. over the latter; pin into every timber head. The strip may be a little hard to bend at the forward curve, but patience will do it. It should end, forward. 2$3/4$ in. back of the foc's'le, just on the curve. Scarf or bevel the ends as shown in Fig. 31. Take a wide strip of wood, of the same thickness as the rail, lay it down so that it reaches from the forward end of the rail to a point beyond the bow, Fig. 37, and mark the curve of the bulwark and foc's'le deck on it. Trim to this line, mark $3/8$ in. inside the trimmed edge and cut the inner curve. Glue, pin and dowel this to bulwark and foc's'le deck to form the continuation of the main rail. Cut the portion of the rail running around the quarterdeck in the same manner, then file and sand the joints. Fig. 45 shows part of the rail around the quarterdeck cut and ready for gluing.



Above the main rail, as shown in Fig. 32, is an upper rail (sometimes called topgallant rail) and a cap or cap rail. The upper rail is formed from a piece $3/16$ in. wide and $3/32$ in. thick, glued and pinned to the main rail, $1/16$ in. back from the outer edge of the latter. Make the midship portion the same length as the corresponding part of the main rail, and scarf the ends for joints like the main rail. The upper rail around the quarters and the stern is best bent to shape as shown in Figs. 33 and 34. The receptacle used for steaming the strip should be deep enough so that the center will be thoroughly pliable. and the wood should be steamed until this will be attained. It is then clamped 