Page:Polar Exploration - Bruce - 1911.djvu/259

 INDEX


 * Land, 23
 * Amundsen, Captain Roald, 166, 170, 242
 * Animals, land, absence of, in Antarctic, 109–110
 * Antarctic Regions, extent of, 15, 17–18, 32, 93; coasts of, 19, 22–23; connection with adjacent continents, 20–22, 125–127, 173; continental character of, 197, 234–235; former climate of, 126–127; interior of, 19
 * Atmosphere, transparency of, 214–215
 * Aurora, 220–233


 * Bacteria, 85–87
 * Balloons for meteorological purposes, 210–216
 * Barents Sea, 166, 170, 201, 203
 * Bathymetrical survey, 169–176, 195–196
 * Bay Ice, 54–56
 * Bear, Polar, 74–76, 111–116
 * Beardmore Glacier, 39–43
 * Beaufort Sea, 244
 * Ben Nevis Observatory, 193–194, 215, 221
 * Bipolarity, 147–148
 * Birds In Antarctic, 137–146; in Arctic, 134–137
 * Black ice, 56
 * Black snow, 83
 * Blue mud, 173, 191–192
 * Brown, Dr. Robert, 79, 130
 * Brown, Dr. R. N. Rudmose, 78, 91–95
 * Buchan, Dr. Alex, 224, 233
 * Buchanan, J. Y., 38, 70, 182–185
 * Burn, Murdoch, W. G., 29


 * Cape pigeon, 142–144
 * Challenger, 51–62, 149, 171–172, 175, 182–185, 186, 190
 * Charcot, Dr. Jean, 20, 81, 90, 94, 165, 198, 229–230
 * Coats, Major Andrew, 166, 170
 * Coats Land, 19, 23–25, 172, 186, 196
 * Cook, Captain James, 42
 * Currents, cold, 182–190; warm, 180–184, 187. See also Ocean currents.


 * Deeps, ocean, 172–173, 175
 * Density of sea-water, 176–178
 * Deposits of sea bottom, 190–192
 * Diatoms of sea, 77–80, 159–160; on ice, 76–77; ooze, 80, 190–192
 * Discoloured ice, 74–77
 * Dredging in Antarctic, 151–152
 * Driftwood in Arctic, 85–92
 * Drygalski, Dr. von, 23


 * Edward Land, 37
 * Emperor penguin, 137–138
 * Enderby Land, 19, 24, 151
 * Equipment for expeditions, 110
 * Expedition, organisation of, 239–242, 248–251
 * Exploration, aims of, 236–254
 * Exploration of sea, importance of, 169, 245–247


 * Fauna, characteristics of marine, 89
 * Fauna of Antarctic and relations with other faunas, 148
 * Ferns in Antarctic, 94
 * Field ice, 58, 65
 * Floe ice, 58, 60
 * Flowering plants in Antarctic, 90, 93–94; in Arctic, 90, 95–102
 * Föhn winds, 196
 * Food in Polar expeditions, 103–108
 * Foxes, Arctic, 122–124
 * Fram, 77, 112, 189, 200, 239, 242
 * Franklin expedition, 104, 110
 * Franz Josef Land, 59, 80–81, 84, 91, 96, 99, 106, 115, 118, 179, 181, 200–201, 221–224, 225–229, 231
 * Freezing-point of sea-water, 64, 71


 * Graham Land, 19–22, 24, 38, 41, 45, 81, 90, 94
 * Green snow, 83
 * Greenland, 100, 116, 134, 188–189
 * Greenland Sea, soundings in, 170–176; physics of, 177–178, 180–181, 201
 * Grinnell Land, 100, 116, 124
 * "Growlers," 46
 * Gulf Stream, 181


 * Hansa, 189
 * Hare, 121
 * Health in Arctic regions, 85–87
 * Hummocks, 61
 * Hunters, 120, 122, 130, 133, 243

255
 * Ice, discoloured, 74–77; formation of, 54–58; islands, 35; movements of, 60–65; navigation, 65–67; pack, 60–68; pancake, 57–58