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656 to learn where such an account will be found. An English translation of this valuable work would be a very useful supplement to the English translation of Ueberweg's History of Philosophy. To-day it becomes more and more difficult to read everything, but it ought to be always possible to know what has been written in every language about a particular subject.

It is hard to realize that less than ten years ago there was no adequate English translation of any of Spinoza's more important works,—none whatever of the Ethic or of the Tractatus de intellectus emendatione. As so often happens in cases of the kind, the obvious need was met almost simultaneously by independent workers. The first contribution, not usually mentioned, was a translation of the Ethic by Dr. Henry Smith, published in 1886. This was followed in 1887 by two other translations of the same work, one by R. H. M. Elwes, the other by W. H. White, revised by Miss A. H. Stirling. To Mr. Elwes we also owe translations of the Tractatus theologico-politicus, the Tractatus politicus, the Tractatus de intellectus emendatione, and the Epistolae (in part). All the translations just mentioned were first published in 1887. That they were appreciated and widely used hardly need be said. The Elwes translations (in two volumes) have passed through at least three editions, and the White translation of the Ethic appeared in a second edition last year. Now we have a translation of the Tractatus de intellectus emendatione by Mr. White, also revised by Miss Stirling. It is certainly fortunate that we thus have two reputable translations of the