Page:Philip Morris Companies v. Miner.pdf/5

 certifying a class. Id. "The requirement is not difficult to meet." David Newbern et al., Arkansas Civil Prac. & Proc. § 8:3 (5th ed. 2010).

In its findings of fact and conclusion of law, the circuit court ruled that the following were common questions of law and fact: (1) whether Philip Morris engaged in an advertising campaign that represented Lights as healthier and/or safer than regular cigarettes; (2) whether Lights are healthier and safer than regular cigarettes; (3) whether plaintiffs received a product that was as warranted and represented; (4) if the product was not as warranted, the difference in value between the product as warranted and delivered; and (5) whether Philip Morris violated the ADTPA with respect to the Lights advertising and marketing programs.

"Predominance is a more stringent requirement than commonality." ''United Am. Ins. Co. v. Smith'', 2010 Ark. 468, at 10, 371 S.W.3d 685, 692. Predominance is a shorthand term for the following requirement from Rule 23(b): "An action may be maintained as a class action if the court finds that the questions of law or fact common to the members of the class predominate over any questions affecting only individual members." The starting point in examining the predominance requirement is whether a common wrong has been alleged against the defendant. ''Kersten v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co.'', 2013 Ark. 124, 426 S.W.3d 455. We have approved a bifurcated approach to the predominance element by allowing the trial courts to divide the case into two phases: (1) certification for resolution of the preliminary, common issues; and (2) decertification for resolution of the individual issues. ''Mega Life & Health Ins. Co. v. Jacola'', 330 Ark. 261, 954