Page:Persian manual pocket companion 1877.djvu/23

 r is sounded as r in the French word pardon.

zh is pronounced like j in the French word jour ; or as z in the word azure. sh is sounded as in shun, shine.

ṣ has a stronger and more hissing sound than our s. z is pronounced by the Arabs as a hard d or dt; by the Persians as z. , t and z in Persian are sounded like t, and  z.  gh  is like the letter r as pronounced by a Scotchman.

ḳ resembles the letter c in cup, calm.

k is sounded like k in king, kalendar.

g is sounded like g in go, give ; never as g in gem, gentle.

l is sounded like l in law. When alif is combined with it, the two take the form of or.

n at the Beginning of a word, or syllable, is sounded like n ; at the end of a word or syllable, if preceded by a long vowel, it has a soft nasal sound bike that of n in the French word garçon. When followed by the labials b,  p,  f, it assumes the sound of m, as in the word, gumbad, not gunbad. h is an aspirate like h in heart, hand; but at the end of a word, if preceded by the short vowel