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Rh VII. The prophecies and miracles, uttered and narrated in the Sacred Scriptures, are the fictions of poets; and the mysteries of the Christian faith, the result of philosophical investigations. In the books of the two Testaments there are contained mythical inventions, and Jesus Christ is Himself a mythical fiction. (Encyclical Qui pluribus, 9th November, 1846, and the Allocution Maxima quidem, 9th June, 1862.)

VIII. As human reason is placed on a level with Religion, so theological matters must be treated in the same manner as philosophical ones. (Allocution Singulari quadem perfusi, 9th December, 1854.)

IX. All the dogmas of the Christian Religion are, without exception, the object of natural science or philosophy, and human reason, instructed solely by history, is able, by its own natural strength and principles, to arrive at the true knowledge of even the most abstruse dogmas; provided such dogmas be proposed as subject matter for human reason. (Letter to the Archbishop Frising. Gravissimas, 11th December, 1862—to the same, Tuas libenter, 21st December, 1863.)

X. As the philosopher is one thing, and philosophy is another, so it is the right and duty of the philosopher to submit himself to the authority which he shall have recognised as true; but philosophy neither can nor ought to submit to any authority. (Letter to Archbishop Frising. Gravissimas, 11th December, 1862—to the same, Tuas libenter, 21st December, 1863.)

XI. The Church not only ought never to animadvert upon philosophy, but ought to tolerate the errors of philosophy, leaving to philosophy the care of their correction. (Letter to Archbishop Frising. 11th December, 1862.)

XII. The decrees of the Apostolic See and of the Roman Congregation fetter the free progress of science. (Id. Ibid.)

XIII. The method and principles, by which the old scholastic Doctors cultivated theology, are no longer suitable to the demands of the age and the progress of science. (Ib. Tuas libenter, 21st December, 1863.)

XIV. Philosophy must be treated of without any account being taken of supernatural revelation. (Id. Ibid.)

N. B.—To the rationalistic system belong, in great part, the errors of Anthony Gunther, condemned in the letter to the Cardinal Archbishop of Cologne "Eximiam tuam," June 15, 1847; and in that to the Bishop of Breslau, "Dolore haud mediocri," April 30, 1860.)