Page:Palestine Exploration Fund - Quarterly Statement for 1894.djvu/226

186 and Charles the Bareheaded (A.D. 841-874) this:

In Southern Germany was found a coin struck in the time of Charlemagne, one side showing this:

again also the elements of the Jerusalem Cross.

I collected many others, found on sarcophagi, &c., but I do not know always their time, so I will pass them over. From all these figures and many more, one sees clearly, that in Christian times, when the Cross had become the symbol of man's Redemption and Christendom in general, there was an endeavour to add ornaments to the plain cross. Artists used it for their purposes, potentates and rulers adopted it for their arms, standards, and seals, and much more so the Church; and thus we have a long and almost endless series of variously shaped crosses, from among which the following may be mentioned:

This is called a Greek Cross, all arms being of equal length.

Latin Cross, one arm (the lower one) much longer than the others.

The St. Andrew's Cross, like the Roman numeral 10.

Is tailed Thieves' or Malefactors' Cross.

The Egyptian, or St. Antonius Cross. Four such crosses put together to one centre made the so-called Crutch Cross, thus:

(This is the Jerusalem Cross without the crosslets).