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 Bibliography 709 Readings, chap. xv. Thatcher and McNeal, A Source Book for Mediaeval History, Section IX, pp. 510-544. Translations and Reprints published by the Department of History of the University of Pennsyl- vania, Vol. I, Nos. 2, 4, and Vol. Ill, No. i. Archer and Kingsford, The Crusades. Gibbon, Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, chaps. Iviii-lix. See "Crusades," in Encyclo- pcedia Britannica, nth ed. B. Source material CHAPTER XX The available material on this important subject is rather scattered. The author gives a somewhat fuller account of the Church in his Western Europe, chaps, xvi, xvii, xxi. See good chapter in Emerton, Medieval Europe, chap. xvi. Special topics can be looked up in the Encyclopedia Britannica, the Catholic Encyclopcedia, or any other good encyclopedia. Readings, Vol. I, chaps, xvi, xvii, xxi. Thatcher and McNeal, A Source Book for JMedicEval History, contains many important docu- ments relating to the Church. CuTTS, Parish Priests and their People. The opening chapter of Lea, A History of the Inquisition of the Middle Ages, gives a remarkable account of the medieval Church and the abuses which prevailed. The first volume also contains chapters upon the origin of both the Francis- can and Dominican orders. For St, Francis the best work is Sabatier, .5"/. Francis of Assisi. See also Gasquet, English Monastic Life', Jes- SOPP, The Coming of the Friars, and Other Historic Essays; Creighton, Plistory of the Papacy, introductory chapter. A. General reading B. Source material CHAPTER XXI . Emerton, Mediccval Europe, chap. xv. Historians are so accustomed to deal almost exclusively with political events that one looks to them in vain for much information in I'egard to town life in the Middle Ages and is forced to turn to special works: Girbins, History of Com7nerce, best short account with good maps; Cunningham, ]Vestern Civilization in its Ecofiomic Aspects, Vol. II; Cheyney, Industrial and Social His- tory of England; GlBBlKS, Industrial History of England; Day', C, History of Commerce; LuCHAiRE, Social Life in the Time of Philip Augustus. Symonds, Age of Despots, gives a charming account of town life in Italy in its more picturesque aspects. Hamlin, History of Archi- tecture, good introduction. Good account of early discoveries in Ca/w bridge Modern History, Vol. I, chaps, i-ii. A. General reading