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 6 1 8 Otitlines of Eicropemi History 277 persons were put to death for denying the teachings of the Roman Church. The majority of the victims were humble arti- sans and husbandmen. The three most notable sufferers were the bishops Cranmer, Latimer, and Ridley, who were burned in Oxford. It was Mary's hope and belief that the heretics sent to the stake would furnish a terrible warning to the Protestants and check the spread of the new teachings, but Catholicism was not promoted ; on the contrary, doubters were only convinced of the earnestness of the Protestants who could die with such constancy.-^ QUESTIONS Section 106. How did the Swiss Confederation originate? De- scribe the reforms begun by Zwingli, Who was Calvin and what are his claims to distinction 1 Section 107. Mention the chief contemporaries of Erasmus. What was the policy of Wolsey? Describe the divorce case of Henry VI H. In what way did Henry VIII break away from the papacy i What reforms did he introduce ? What was the dissolution of the monasteries '^. Section 108. What happened during the reign of Edward VI .^ What was the policy of Queen Mary ? 1 The Catholics, it should be noted, later suffered serious persecution under Elizabeth and James I, the Protestant successors of Mar)'. Death was the penalty fixed in many cases for those who obstinately refused to recognize the monarch as the rightful head of the English Church, and heavy fines were imposed for the failure to attend Protestant worship. Two hundred Catholic priests are said to have been executed under Elizabeth, Mary's sister, who succeeded her on the throne ; others were tortured or perished miserably in prison.