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xxii accurate references. There are also superb bibliographies. The author is a Lutheran who has no interest in any side, but is always scrupulously exact and impartial. It is the book that should be studied by every one who wishes to know more about the subject.

H. J. Schmitt: Kritische geschichte der neugriechischen u. der russischen Kirche (Mainz, 1854). In spite of its title this is not a critical history, but a book of controversy chiefly directed against the Holy Synods that now govern many Orthodox Churches.

I. Silbernagl: Verfassung und gegenwärtiger Bestand sämtlicher Kirchen des Orients (Regensburg, Manz, ii ed., 1904). An accurate and very valuable account of the constitution, hierarchy, numbers, revenues and political rights of all Eastern Churches.

Études préparatoires au pèlerinage eucharistique en Terre sainte (Paris, Bonne Presse, 1893).

A. L. Hickmann: Karte der Verbreitungsgebiete der Religionen in Europa (Vienna, Freytag). All the sees of both Catholics and Orthodox are marked; there are comparative tables of numbers of members. Kyriakos (op. cit.) is also valuable for this chapter. F. Tournebize, S.J.: L'Église grecque-orthodoxe (Paris, Bloud, 1901, 2 vols.).

A. d'Avril: Documents relatifs aux Églises de l'Orient (iii ed., Paris, 1885).

L. Duchesne: Eglises'séparées (Paris, Fontemoing, ii ed., 1905). I have constantly used the Echos d'Orient, a review published six times a year since Oct., 1897, by the Augustinians of the Assumption at Constantinople (and at Paris, rue Bayard, 5). It contains admirable dissertations on all manner of questions connected with the Christian East, and always gives the latest news from the Orthodox Church (see Gelzer's appreciation in Geistliches u. Weltliches, p. 142: "exceedingly well written, extraordinarily full of news, and excellently well informed").

It is to be regretted that its tone is bitter against the Orthodox and sometimes undignified.

Revue de l'Orient chrétien (Paris, Picard, quarterly). Oriens Christianus (Rome, Propaganda Press, twice a year). Bessarione (Rome, ed. by Mgr. N. Marini, six times a year). The Byzantinische Zeitschrift (ed. by Krumbacher, Leipzig, Teubner,