Page:Origin and spread of the Tamils.djvu/96



NOTES TO LECTURE II 85 a still greater resemblance to those of Sukuh, are still in use among the Haussa (or Houssa), a people of the Sudan, who constitute the larger part of the population in Sokoto, Adamawa and Gando." This made Stutterheim come out with a theory of Egyptian influence on the art of Eastern Java. But according to our theory the Egyptians were themselves influenced by Indian civilization. Therefore it is not Egypt but India that was responsible for the civilization of the ancient world. (Cf. R. C. Majumdar, Svarnadvīpa, Vol. II, part II, pp, 283-4). South Indian Influences on Indonesia-A Brief Survey : Dharmapāla, the head of the famous University of Nālanda, who was born in Conjeevaram and was the son of a high official of that place, rose to be one of the greatest scholars of that age and is said to have spent the last years of his life in Sumatra. His headship of the Nalanda University has been attempted to be fixed in the early years of the seventh century. (See H. D. Sankalia, The University of Nalanda, pp. 107-8). Dharmapāla taught for thirty years at Nalanda and thence went to Svarnabhumi towards the end of his life. The great amount of intercourse between S'rī Vijaya and South India and Ceylon is evident among others from the Leyden Grant by Rājarāja the Great of Tanjore in the 23rd year of his reign 1007-8 A.D. to the Cūdāmani-padma vihāra at Negapatam built by Strīmara Vijayottungavarman, King of Kațāha, and of S'ri Vijaya of the S'ailendra line, who was probably his feudatory. The Tiruvālangāļu plates mention the great Nicobars and Takopa in the Malay Peninsula set over against Sumatra among the Cola conquests. A later Cola achieved the conquest of Kadāram (Kațaha) and generously restored the conquered realm to its king. :