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 INDEX highways, 341; bibliography, 342-6; the Barry and Elliott surveys, 344-7; documents witness filing of articles of incorporation by Joseph Gaston, 347; J. H. Mitchell letter to M. P. Deady on the issue of the redesignation for land grant, 348-51; the votes on the designation resolutions, 352. Oregon's First Railway, 171-235; sources in newspapers of period and records of the Oregon Steam Navigation Com- pany, 171-2; also recollections of John Stevenson and his sister, Mrs. Barbara A. Bailey, 171-3; the first railways of Oregon, 172-3; the early transportation facilities and obstructions, 174; gold discoveries increase traffic, 174-5; Bradford and companies of the Colum- bia traffic incite competition, 175; Colonel Joseph S. Ruckel and his achievements as the genius of the Oregon Portage Railroad, 175-7; The Wasco and The Fashion with the newly established portage on the Oregon side first give through service between Portland and The Dalles, 1855, 177-8; Captain Kilborn's portage, 178-9; In- dian troubles and General Wool's order forbidding settlement in eastern Oregon, 179-80; improvements on the Washington side stimulate owners of the "Oregon Transportation line," 180- 1; the Olmstead, Ruckel, Tanner and Chipman land claims include the right of way for the portage, 181-3; com- petitors on the opposite sides of the river agree to a truce, 183-4; Ruckel and Harrison Olmstead, the prime movers, 185-6; surveys and detailed plans of Oregon Portage Railroad made by John W. Brazee, 186; the roadbed and structured, 185-7; General Har- ney's order opens the upper country to settlement, 187-8; flood of June, 1859, damages railroad, 188; the financing, 188-9; a combination in restraint of trade, 189-90; expanded it becomes the "Oregon Steam Navigation Com- pany," 190; the Washington and Ore- gon portage railroads not merged with the steamboat company, 191; volume of traffic statistics, 191-2; a tripartite agreement, 192-3; Colonel Ruckel's railroad coming into larger use, 194-7; the locomotive, "Oregon Pony," built, 197; its dimensions, 198-9; the paying for it, 200; its arrival before the rail- road was ready, 201-2; beginning of steam operation of the road, 203-7; Oregon Steam Navigation Company buys the Bradford & Co. portage road, 208; flood damage to road in June, 1862, 208-9; equipment and operation, 210; the situation as to the division of the portage earnings between Brad- ford & Co. (north side) and Ruckel and Olmstead (south side) lines,211- 12; Oregon Steam Navigation Com- pany buys the Oregon Portage prop- erty, 213-4; settlement of claims for division of portage earnings, 214-7; operation of Oregon Portage Railroad ceases, 218; locomotive removed to The Dalles portage and after three years sold to David Hewes of San Francisco, 218-9; the Peoples' Trans- portation Company attempts compe- tition with the O. S. N. Company, 220; the use of the Oregon portage dwindles, 219-20; contestants for rights across the Oregon portage, 220-8; the North- ern Pacific Railroad Company gains control of the 0. S. N. Co., 223-5; directors of the O. S. N. Co. take steps to build permanent railroad at portage, 229-30; O. S. N. Co. activi- ties halted because of bankruptcy of Jay Cooke & Co., 230; the O. S. N. Co. forced to activity through fear of seizure of Oregon portage by others, 230-1; slides halt construction, 231; work halts during 1879, 233; O. S. N. Co. combines with Willamette Trans- portation Co., and buys Walla Walla and Columbia River Railroad, 233; Henry Villard, with eastern capitalists, gets control of 0. S. N. Co., and builds standard gauge railroad along the Columbia—a new era, 233; first train from Portland, 233. Oregon History Writers and Their Ma- terials, 284-93; widely scattered ma- terials and diverse varieties of records contribute, 284; compiled lists used, 284; authors and types of works con- tributed, 285; Oregon history written by outside authors, 285; different aims followed by writers, 286; bibliographi- cal lists of Oregon materials, 287-8; original sources, 288-90; newspapers, legislative acts, governmental archives, ethnological collections, pioneer rec- ords, literature of boundary dispute, 290-2; monumental works, 293. "Oregon Pony," 233. Oregon Portage Railroad Co., incorpor- ator to compete with O. S. N. Co., 226. Oregon Steam Navigation Company—see Oregon's First Railway. Pengra, B. J ., promotes Winnemucca branch of the Central Pacific, 272. Plains, Journal of a Trip Across the, 1851, 136-169; effort needed to get ready for the start, 136; river travel down the Ohio, up the Mississippi and the Missouri to St. Joseph, 137-7; in camp at St. Joseph and on search for cattle for trip, 137-8; windj cold and rain, 138-9; reach the Platte, 140; up the South Platte, 142; across to the North Platte at Ash Hollow, 142; up the North Platte, past Chimney Rock, Scott's Bluff, 143; Independ- ence Rock and Devil's Gate on the Sweetwater, 146; South Pass, 147; Fort Bridger, 148; Soda Springs on Bear River, 151; Fort Hall, 152; down the Snake, 153; Fort Boise, 159; camp in Oregon pine woods, 162; reach John Day River, 165; past Bar- low's gate and have worst road, 167; at Philip Foster's, 169. Pillet, Francis Benjamin, biographical sketch of and note of visit to Wil- lamette country, 302.