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 326 FRANCES PACKARD YOUNG natural lives. Restless in the harness of the old party ideas, they had kicked the traces of strict construction, and were now eagerly bidding for the scattered Federal vote by vie- ing with one another in patronizing the vast schemes, em- braced under the name, 'American System/ "104-105 As most of the candidates mentioned above were in the House or the Cabinet, they began to form small FACTIONS OF factions in these departments, through THE DIFFERENT which they fought for their elections. 106 CANDIDATES IN This was partially the cause for the oppo- THE HOUSE AND sition to the military and Indian appro- CABINET priations for the Secretary of War. Rufus King of New York, wrote on January 8, 1822, to C. King, 107 "The premature nomination of sundry gentlemen as candi- dates for the Presidency and among them the nomination of Mr. Calhoun, has given rise to this discussion, concerning the proposed appropriation asked for by the Secretary of War for the Indian Department. Those who may be in favor of some other candidate than Mr. Calhoun, are supposed to take this occasion to manifest their dislike to him, though the occasion is ill taken, and if such be the motive, it seems more likely to serve than injure him." In the Cabinet this discussion was made apparent by the enmity between Calhoun and Crawford. John Q. Adams, the Secretary of State, who was also a candidate for the Presidency in this campaign, stated on July 8, 1822 : "The relations in which I now stand with Calhoun are deli- cate and difficult. At the last session of Congress he suffered a few members of Congress, with a newspaper in Pennsyl- vania, to set him up as candidate for the succession to the Presidency. From that moment the caballing in Congress, in the State Legislatures, in the newspapers, and among the people had been multiplied ten fold. My personal intercourse with him now is necessarily an intercourse of civility and not of confidence." 108 104 Ibid., 210. 105 Tyler, L. G. Letters and Times of the Tylers, 341; 1880. 1 06 Adams, Life of Albert Gallatin, 562. 107 King, R., Life and Correspondence, VI, 437. 1 08 Adams, J. Q. Memoirs, VI, 42.