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 CALHOUN AS SECRETARY OF WAR 309 States and destroy the democratic government. He was not opposed to the teaching of military science, but he wanted such instruction given to the general mass of citizens. 31 The Secretary of War prepared a report in 1822 of the army expenses for the years 1818 to 1822, COMPARATIVE showing that the numbers of the army for ANNUAL those years had increased, but that the EXPENSES cost of maintenance for each man had OF THE ARMY decreased. 32 These expenses he divided into two parts, those which are fixed by law, such as officers' salaries, and those which can be changed at the will of the Secretary of War. The two divisions had become smaller, year by year, because the officers had kept strict account and had carefully preserved public property. 33 In 1823, he again claims that the accounts show remarkable econ- omy in the organization of the army, chiefly through the atten- tion which each officer had given to his department. 34 Besides the reports mentioned above, Calhoun prepared exact state- ments each year, showing how much money had been spent and for what it was used. 35 31 Annals of Congress, i6th Cong., ist Sess., II, 1603-4. 32 House of Representatives, Journal, i7th Cong., ist Sess., 318. Niks' Register, XXII, 38-40. 33 Numbers in the army for 1818-1822: 1818, 8199 men; 1819, 8428; 1820, 9698; 1821, 8109; 1822, 6442. Expenditures for each person in the army: 1818, $451.57; 1819, $434.70; 1820, $315.88; 1821, $287.02; 1822, $299.46. Niles', XXII, 38-9-40. 34Niles' Register, XXIV, 263. 35 House of Representatives, Journal, i6th Cong., 2nd Sess., 117; i7th Cong., ist Sess., 262. I