Page:Oregon Historical Quarterly volume 11.djvu/58

 52 Frederick V. Holman of the Umatilla River. On page 206 of Volume 2 of "The Rocky Mountains," by Washington Irving, published in 1837, and being an account of the adventures of Captain Bonne- ville, the name of this river is spelled Ottolais. On the map in this volume the river is shown and spelled Ottalais. Medorem Crawford was an Oregon immigrant of 1842. In his manuscript Journal, kept by him on his journey across the plains, and published by the University of Oregon in 1897, he says that on September 20, 1842, the party "crossed the Unadilla" (page 21) meaning the Umatilla River. It is popularly supposed that there is a tribe of Indians whose name is Umatilla. This is erroneous. This name, as applied to Indians, arises from the fact that Indians live on the Umatilla Indian Reservation and are therefore called Umatillas. The tribe, whose habitat was partly on the Uma- tilla River, is the Cayuse, a branch of the Shahaptian family. This family includes the Nez Perce, Walla Walla and other tribes. The Cayuse was a powerful but treacherous tribe in early Oregon days, with whom was fought the Cayuse War of 1847-8, caused by the Whitman massacre. Umatilla County is now bounded : on the north by the Colum- bia River and the State of Washington ; on the east by Union County; on the south by Grant County; and on the west by Morrow County. Its county seat is Pendleton. Grant County. Grant County was created October 14, 1864, by the State Legislature. (Special Laws of 1864, page 43). It comprised parts of the eastern portion of Wasco County and of the southern portion of Umatilla County as those two Counties then were. It is named for General U. S. Grant, who, at the time of its creation, was the most popular Union general in the Civil war. Grant County is now bounded: on the north by Umatilla