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River Valley called the mountain Snowy Butte and Big Butte. As early as 1839 Hall J. Kelley tried to have the name John Quincy Adams applied to this mountain, but his plan for a Presidents Range fizzled out. See under Cascade RANGE. The name Mount Pitt came into common use about 1864, supposedly due to George H. Belden, a civil engineer in the employ of the United States surveyor general of Oregon. Klamath Indians called the mountain M'laiksini Yaina, or mountain with steep sides. The name Mount McLoughlin was restored by the legislature in 1905, to honor Dr. John McLoughlin, and was recognized by the USBGN in 1912 through the efforts of Will G. Steel and George H. Himes. The spelling McLaughlin is wrong. Dr. John McLoughlin, as chief factor of the Hudson's Bay Company, at Fort Vancouver, in 1824-46, possessed almost autocratic power in affairs in the Oregon country up to the time of the provisional government, and has therefore been called the first governor of Oregon. He was a man of broad views and ideas, generous and kind instincts and of large physical proportions. He was born in parish La Riviere du Loup, Canada, about 120 miles below Quebec, on the Saint Lawrence River, October 19, 1784. Young McLoughlin was educated in Canada and became a physician. He joined the North West Company, and became a partner and was one of the factors in charge of Fort William, the chief depot and factory of the North West Company, at the time of the consolidation with the Hudson's Bay Company. His wife was the widow of Alexander McKay, who had been killed in the Tonquin disaster at Clayoquot Sound, Vancouver Island, in June, 1811. Dr. McLoughlin built Fort Vancouver in 1824-25, and there he created a farm of 3000 acres and established a sawmill and a flour mill. His district of the Hudson's Bay Company (the Columbia) grew to be profitable. There were numerous forts and posts tributary to Fort Vancouver, there being, in 1839, about twenty of these forts besides Fort Vancouver. In the development of the fur business, of agriculture and commerce, and in the government of the country, Dr. McLoughlin displayed rare powers of organization. He met the American traders with kindness, but with severe competition, and the American missionaries and settlers, with benevolence. He left the service of the Hudson's Bay Company in 1846, and became an American citizen at Oregon City May 30, 1849. After his resignation he carried on a milling and merchandise business at Oregon City, where he died September 3, 1857. Dr. McLoughlin's house at Oregon City, built in 1845.46, and occupied by him until his death, was moved, by the McLoughlin Memorial Association, to the bluff overlooking Willamette River, and restored to its first condition. It was dedicated as a permanent memorial September 5, 1909. For narrative, "Dr. John McLoughlin and His Guests," by T. C. Elliott, see Washington Historical Quarterly, volume II, pages 63-77; for biography, see F. V. Holman's Dr. John McLoughlin; John McLoughlin: Patriarch of the Northwest, by Robert C. Johnson, and Richard G. Montgomery's The White-Headed Eagle. For long list of references to published material about Dr. McLoughlin, see Scott's History of the Oregon Country, volume I, pages 295-96. McLoughlin's Fort Vancouver Letters have been published by the Hudson's Bay Record Society in three volumes. See also Letters of Dr. John McLoughlin, edited by Dr. Burt Brown Barker, 1948.

MOUNT MITCHELL, Clackamas County. This mountain, elevation 5110 feet, was named for Roy Mitchell, a veteran of World War I, who