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 gerous pass age around Hug Point. Cannon Beach is about eight miles long. Cannon Beach post office was established May 29, 1891, with James P. Austin postmaster. This office was on or near the Kissling property at Hug Point, not far from the spot where the old cannon stands and several miles south of the present Cannon Beach community. The office was closed November 2, 1901. The office called Ecola was established November 25, 1910, with Lester E. Bill postmaster. This office was at the place called Elk Creek, now called Cannon Beach community. The name of the office was changed to Cannon Beach on May 25, 1922, when Eugene Lamphere was postmaster.

CANOE ENCAMPMENT RAPIDS, Morrow County. These rapids are in the Columbia River between Castle Rock and Blalock Island. The encampment at the foot of the rapids was a popular one with the fur traders and trappers. The name appears in early journals, but when first so used cannot be determined. It has been suggested that possibly the name was originally applied by traders because of an encampment of Indians with canoes at that point, as it seems strange that the traders themselves would single out these rapids as being particularly associated with their canoes, which they had with them at all rapids.

CANYON CITY, Grant County. This historic community is the county seat of Grant County, and derives its name because of the fact that it is situated in a canyon about two miles south of the John Day River. This part of the state was the scene of gold discoveries in the fall of 1861 and for some time there was a great influx of miners. Canyon City post office was established in what was then Wasco County on April 23, 1864. Grant County was formed from part of Wasco County on October 14, 1864. Canyon City suffered from a disastrous fire on April 18, 1937, a large part of the community being destroyed.

CANYON ROAD, Multnomah and Washington counties. Canyon Road, at the head of Southwest Jefferson Street, Portland, was a highly important factor in the development of the city. Rival communities such as Linnton, Milton and Saint Helens were at a disadvantage because they did not have as good access to the rich farm lands of the Tualatin Valley. The road was named because it traversed the canyon of Tanner Creek. See under that heading. Canyon Road was first opened in the fall of 1849 (letter of Joseph Smih in the Oregonian, July 13, 1884). Citizens of Portland formed, for the improvement of the road, in 1850, the Portland and Valley Plank Road Company, which was chartered by the legislature and organized at Lafayette July 30, 1851, Subscription for funds opened March 10, 1851, at Portland, Hillsboro, Lafayette, Nesmiths Mills, Marysville (Corvallis), Albany and Salem. Grading began in 1851. Stephen Coffin took the contract for laying the planks. The first plank was laid September 27, 1851, amid ceremonies. In September, 1851, Thomas Stephens became superintendent. For further work, see advertisements in the Oregonian in 1851. The work soon lapsed for lack of funds (article by George H. Himes, ibid., August 14, 1902). The first plank was laid near the present Art Museum. The route was surveyed by Daniel H. Lownsdale. The road was badly damaged by rains in the winter of 185152, ibid., January 10, 1852. A statement of the work on the road appears, ibid., April 3, 1852. The sum of $14,593.83 was expended up to that time. On May 10, 1852, the third and fourth installments to stock subscriptions were called for. In the summer of 1852 a scandal, or rupture, occurred in