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 limitations placed on professor speech, the IFA does not otherwise limit the ability of students (or the “recipients,” as described in Pico) to access the viewpoints that professors are prohibited from expressing during instruction. Id. In other words, the IFA does not directly impede the “second sense” of the right to information as described in Pico: the “recipient’s” own exercise of their individual rights under the First Amendment. It logically follows that a university student’s First Amendment right to receive a professor’s viewpoints should flow from that professor’s First Amendment right to express those viewpoints, for the former cannot be said to exist without the latter. If both claims were viewed and analyzed independently under facts such as this, that analysis could potentially lead to an illogical result—namely, that university students have an independent right to viewpoints that their professors do not have a right to share.

One final point of clarification. This Court notes that of the two Student Plaintiffs—Johanna Dauphin and Samuel Rechek—Ms. Dauphin’s First Amendment claim differs from that of Mr. Rechek. Specifically, Ms. Dauphin has not shown that at least one of her professors will have their speech chilled or will be forced to self-censor because of the IFA. Thus, her claim for access to information and ideas is not coextensive with any Professor Plaintiff. Mr. Rechek, on the other hand, has demonstrated that he intends to enroll in Professor Novoa’s course in the spring and that Professor Novoa will self-censor because of the IFA. Accordingly, as