Page:Notes and Queries - Series 9 - Volume 9.djvu/102

 NOTES AND QUERIES.

ix. FEB. i, 1002.

The priors or masters of the nuns that appear in writs of various nunneries of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries are evi- dently the chaplains of these institutions.

We have various licences to landowners from bishops permitting founding of chapels at their castles, with provisions that the mother or parish church shall not be injured from withholding the usual offerings of the parishioners. Thus at Congilton, in parish of Gullane, in this county, the following was arranged in 1224: No services were to take place at the chapel there on St. Andrew's Day, Christmas Day, nor at Easter; and there were to be no baptisms at the chapel, but only at the parish church at Gullane.

Froissart in his 'Chronicles' narrates the "valyaunt" deeds of "achapelayne of his" (the Earl of Douglas) at Otterburne, 19 August, 1388, which prove him in verity a member of the church militant in a double sense. Towards the end of the fifteenth century (1471) we have mention of Isabella, relict of Sinclair of Hirdmanston, and " her chaplain," Sir Wm. Stevenson.

The Papal letters give many instances of licence granted to people to choose a con- fessor and to have a portable altar.

J. G. WALLACE-JAMES.

Haddington.

The record, register, or statutes under which the appointments have been made have often been asked for in the pages of ' N. & Q.'

From the replies given, it appears that the statute m which chaplains to noblemen are first named is 21 Henry VIII., c. 13 (1529) in which by section ii. every archbishop and duke may have six chaplains ; every marquis and earl, five chaplains ; viscount and bishop, four chaplains ; the Chancellor of England for the time being, and every baron or Knight of the Garter, three chaplains ; the Master of the Rolls, two ; and the Chief Justice of the King's Bench one.

25 f H f e, nr y Yin., c. 16 (1533-4), every

th nt e K i? gS Bench and Common the Chancellor and Chief Baron of the

^ ^ Att T ey and Solici ^ may have one chaplain each

Fnonff a J 3 K? int. me " t are registered in the faculty Office in Doctors' Commons

71, Brecknock R^T ARD H ME SARTEN (9<"S. viii. 345, 410,

The grammar is by Z. A. Aleksyeev

(Tashkend, 1884), and is very short. It con- tains no exercises, readings, or vocabularies. The other book, however, by V. P. Nalivkin (Samarcand, 1898), which MR. ACKERLEY calls a " reading book," is a grammar of a much superior class, with exercises, readings, and two vocabularies, Russian-Sart and Sart- Russian. Unfortunately, neither of these works gives any information on the subject of what the difference is between Sart and ordinary Eastern Turkish. That Sart is closely allied to Turkish is clear from every page. JAS. PLATT, Jun.

The Sarts are fully described in 'Samarkand la Bien Gardee/ by A. Durrieux and R. Fauvelle (Paris, Librairie Plon, 1901). They are a caste rather than a race ; they are the working class of Samarkand, as opposed to the nomads of the Steppes. The nomads despise the Sarts ; but the Sarts seem to be continually finding recruits among those nomads who prefer the delights of settled life to a life of roaming. The authors quoted consider the Sarts to have been originally Iranians. HERBERT A. STRONG.

University College, Liverpool.

DUELS (9 th S. viii. 364, 491). There is a long and an interesting history of 'Duels and Ordeals' in 'Memoirs of Extraordinary Popular Delusions, and the Madness of Crowds,' by Chas. Mackay, LL.D. (London, Routledge & Sons, 1869) ; but as there is no mention therein of the duels between English and French officers in Paris immediately after Waterloo, perhaps I may be permitted to relate that when the Allies were in the occupation of the capital of France the French officers, boiling with rage and indig- nation at their recent defeat, sought out, by every means in their power, opportunities of insult, but always so artfully contrived as to render the opposite party the challenger, thus reserving to themselves the choice of weapons. When, therefore, it is borne in mind that the French are the most expert swordsmen in Europe, little doubt can exist as to the issue of the combats ; and, in fact, scarcely a morning passed without three or four English or Prussian officers being carried through the Barriere de 1'Etoile, if not dead, at least seriously wounded and condemned to carry with them through life the inflic- tions of a sanguinary and savage spirit of revenge.

My authority for this statement will be found in Charles Lever's 'Confessions of Harry Lorrequer,' in which work is also recorded how an English officer, Capt. Trevanion, punished an insulting remark