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NOTES AND QUERIES. [9 th s. VIL MAY is, 1901.

Can any reader refer me to later contro- versies on the matter 1 I believe similar rock-markings occur at Ilkley and in other places. Authorities will oblige.

T. CANN HUGHES, F.S.A. Lancaster.

A COMPANY OF MINERS. The following is taken from " Notes on the Early History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery, by the late Col. Cleaveland, R.A." Wanted information regarding the formation of this company of miners What were their duties? By what authority were they formed 1

" May 12, 1756. A company of miners, consisting of 200, was raised for the purpose of being sent to assist in retaking Minorca. First- Lieutenant William Phillips, then the youngest of that rank in the regiment, being aide-de-camp to Sir John Ligonier, was, through that interest, and the indo- lence and supineness of the officers of the corps, appointed captain of the company, which was then considered as no more than a temporary affair of short duration, that would end when the service they were raised for was performed ; but on the return of this company (1757) to Woolwich the miners who did not choose to remain as privates in the regiment were discharged, and the company added to, and established in, the regiment on the same footing as the others. This made 19 companies besides the cadets."

J. H. LESLIE, Major, late R.A.

Hathersage, Derbyshire.

[The same as sappers and miners?]

TOOL MARKS ON MEDIAEVAL DRESSED STONES. Can any of your readers refer me to books or papers dealing with the marks made on dressed stones in mediaeval masonry 1 I mean tool marks, not Freemasons' or other signs, devices, or marks. The replies to my query on ' Chisel Marks ' (ante, pp. 149, 233, 296) do not give this informa- tion. W. H. L.

INTEMPERANCE, WAR, PESTILENCE, AND FAMINE. A saying that intemperance has caused as much misery as war, pestilence, and famine is often attributed to Mr. Gladstone ; but if he used the phrase he did riot originate it, for John Quincy Adams, once President of the United States, is reported to have said at a public meeting in 1846 :

" I regard the temperance movement of the present day as one of the most remarkable phenomena of the human race, operating simul- taneously in every part of the world for the reformation of a vice often solitary in itself, but as infectious in its nature as the smallpox or the plague, and combinina all the ills of war, pestilence, and famine" Burns s ' Temperance History,' vol. i. p. 280.

The same thought occurs in Mr. Charles Buxton's * How to Stop Drunkenness/ a

remarkable article which appeared in the North British Review in 1854, and in 1864 was reprinted by the late Mr. T. B. Smithies, and has had an extensive circulation in book and pamphlet form. He says :

" Nay, add together all the miseries generated in our times by war, famine, and pestilence, the three great scourges of mankind, and they do not exceed those that spring from this one calamity." Can the thought be traced further back 1 WILLIAM E. A. AXON.

Manchester.

KINGSMAN FAMILY. " My nephew William Long Kingsman " is mentioned in the will of Maria Scattergood, of Boddesden and Lincoln (proved P.C.C., 1763). I should be glad of any information which would help to identify him. "Long Kingsman, Esq.," signed a petition in favour of Parliamentary reform in 1792 ('Annual Register'); and in the Gentleman's Magazine for 1800 is an obituary notice, couched in eulogistic lan- guage, "of "Miss Kingsman, daughter of W. L. K., Esq." Any reference to printed or MS. pedigrees of this family, or any other genealogical notes, would be acceptable.

BERNARD P. SCATTERGOOD.

Moorside, Far Headingley, Leeds.

ANIMALS IN PEOPLE'S INSIDES.

(9 th S. vii. 222, 332.)

AN intelligent Yorkshireman, who in his younger days did some little for the better- ment of the industrial population of Leeds, and who now holds two or three semi- public positions at Northampton, believes and tells the following story. He knew the people ; and he thinks every one ought to accept his statement, because he has an utter abhorrence of smoking. A young man in Wales gradually sickened. Doctors could do nothing for him. He consulted a quack, who advised him to smoke continually. Being a non-smoker, he went to his regular doctor to ask if he might. The doctor said it would kill him in his present state. The young man died. The quack obtained permission of the family to open the body. Before commencing the autopsy he induced the famity doctor to witness it. The doctor could see nothing wrong with any of the organs. The quack pointed to the heart, which the doctor pro- nounced sound and healthy. The quack cut it open, and inside was a worm, "as long and big as my finger." The quack, who was smoking, blew a mouthful of smoke on the