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NOTES AND QUERIES. [9* s. VIL MARCH is, 1901.

ward, Shuter.' Looking over 'Elegant Ex- tracts in Poetry,' published in 1796, the con- cluding portion of which contains a large collection of prologues and epilogues, I find an epilogue (117) "intended to be spoken by Mr. Shuter in the Character of a School- master with a Rod in his Hand/' The probable date may be 1785. After warning the ladies against playing cards on Sunday, it thus concludes :

And now, my pupils, what you've learnt this night Go teach to others, and you '11 then do right : Be you to them the same indulgent tutor, And come next year to see your friend Ned Shuter.

JOHN PICKFORD, M.A.

Newbourne Rectory, Woodbridge.

[Shuter is supposed to have been born in 17'28, of obscure parents, in the house of a chimney-sweep named Meritt in Vine Street, St. Giles's, London. He died 1 November, 1776, and was buried in St. Paul's, Covent Garden.]

"PEER"=A MINNOW. Halliwell gives this as a Somerset word. It is also said to be known in Derbyshire. A glossarist gives the following rime :

When the corn is in the ear, Then the perch will take a peer.

I should be glad to get further evidence oi the use of this word in Somerset or Derby- shire, and to hear of its use elsewhere.

A. L. MAYHEW. Oxford.

EXECUTIONS AT TYBURN AND

ELSEWHERE.

(9 th S. vii. 121.)

I HAVE read MR. RUTTON'S remarks or 'Executions at Tyburn ' with great interest I think it would simplify all the questions he starts several of which he answers mosl clearly if he, and any one who attempts tc follow him in a difficult field of research could begin by defining the terms of the inquiry. What does he mean by Tyburn 1

1. Tyburn, at the time of the Doinesda., Survey, was a manor which extended from Rugmere, now Bloomsbury, westward to th brook of Tyburn.

2. Tyburn was a brook which ran fron Hampstead to the Thames.

3. Tyburn was a parisli which, contrary to the rule in Middlesex, comprised tw< manors : one of them was Tyburn, and stooc east of the brook ; the other Lilestone which stood west of the brook, but east Edgware Road.

4. Tyburn was a place, a village, what ii Australia is defined as a township a wore

rhich does not imply that it contained ouses or inhabitants.

When MR. RUTTON speaks of Tyburn 109 ears after Domesday, to which of these four !oes he refer? Ralph the Dean, whom he [uotes, evidently means the third, namely, he brook. He says "prope Tiburnam," vhich may mean the town of Tyburn, only ,hat we have evidence that then and much ater there was no such town or village. ' Prope Tiburnam " in its simple meaning is 'near the Tyburn." Roger of Wendover's mprovernent Tiburcinam does not affect the question. Ralph cannot mean the church, or. limself an ecclesiastic, he would have said so " Prope ecclesiam Sancti Johannis apud Tiburnam," or something of the kind. He can hardly have intended the parish of Tyburn, which the old road entered near what is now Tottenham Court Road, and Left at the Marble Arch, having crossed the brook at what is now St. Marylebone Lane. If MR. RUTTON must have a spot defined as that where Longbeard was hanged, it is diffi- cult to see why he cannot accept what I ven- ture to think is the plain translation of the dean's Latin, prope Tiburnam^ "near the Tyburn," on the western road or military way.

That in 1196 there was no town at the point at which the road crossed the Tyburn is pretty certain. The Domesday Survey says nothing of a church either there or at Lilestone. The first mention of the church of St. John by Newcourt is during the epis- copate of William of St. Mary, some three years after Longbeard 's death. It is possible that a bridge may have been made, and that the church was built about the same time. Previously it would seem that travellers crossed a little higher up the stream, and the two greens, Lisson or Lilestone and Padding- ton, faced each other at the crossing or near it, one east, the other west of Edgware Road. This road, the ancient Watling Street, forms a boundary as well marked as the Thames itself, better than the Tyburn, which only divided the two manors of one parish,

I have never found any part of Tyburn (parish or manor, or of Lisson manor) west of Edgware Road.

In 1400, on 23 October, the church on the old road, at the crossing of the Tyburn, was abandoned and pulled down, with Bishop Braybrook's leave, and the chapel of St. Mary, higher up the stream, near Lisson Green, was made parochial.

It is evident that no town or village stood by the Tyburn where the old road crossed it in 1400. Newcourt (i. 695) says that the