Page:Notes and Queries - Series 9 - Volume 6.djvu/352

 290 s. vi. OCT. 13, 1900. NOTES AND QUERIES. served in the British Museum and Record Office. He also went on to state that " others are in private hands or in possession of smaller libraries." Can he or any other correspondent give particulars of these1! There is evidently much material in existence for a good history of monastic life in England, as evidenced by the unusually full records of this abbey. T. CANN HUGHES, M.A. Lancaster. • PEYTO, PETTO, PEITO, OR PETO FAMILY OF WARWICKSHIRE. — Can any correspondent help me to the register of birth of Samuel Peyto, born between 1625 and 16301 He became Rector of Sandcroft, Suffolk, and was ejected in 1662. GEORGE UNWIN. Heathlands, Woking, Surrey. MULTATULI.— Which of this Dutch author's works have been translated into English t J. F. B. "GOAL" AND "GAOL." (9th S. vi. 230.) THE spelling goal is due to mere ignorance. The spelling gaol is countenanced t>y many early examples. In my ' Dictionary I give gayole from Fabian's ' Chronicle/ first printed in 1516 ; gayhol from Morris's 'Old Eng. Mis- cellany,' from a MS. of the thirteenth century. My glossary to Chaucer gives layler. Of course, gaole is the usual Norman spelling ; it occurs, for example, in the ' Statutes of the Realm,' vol. i. p. 137, under the date 1300, so that it has, practically, the sanction of Parlia- ment. In the ' Liber Albus ' of London, ed. Riley, p. 47, we have gaoler ; so, again, in the ' Statutes,' r>. 165, dated 1311. In the ' Vie de St. Auban we find gaholer. In Godefroy's 1 Old French Dictionary ' the spellings are gaole, gaolle, gayplle, jaole, jaiole, and gtteeale. The etymology is given by Brachet (and in ray ' Dictionary ') from the Late Lat. gabiola, i liniin. of gabia, a cage, the equivalent of Ital. gaggia or gabbia, all ultimately from the Lat. cavus, hollow ; see cage in ' H.E.D.' The fact that the a ought to precede the o rests upon the fact that they represent respectively the a and the o of the Late Lat. "gabiola." Un- fortunately the ' H.E.D.' has not yet given us the full history of the word ; but it will shortly appear under the form jail. The word
 * /""/ is, however, fully explained, and has no

more to do with the question than the F. gaide has. WALTER W. SKEAT. MR. RADFORD errs egregiously in supposing that goal is an early form of gaol. The two words are radically distinct in meaning, and the use of goal for gaol, frequent even new, is a blunder attributable to the same tendency to misspell that produces " Pharoah" for "Pharaoh" and "Curac.oa" for "Curacao." Gaol is derived from Latin cavea, and goal is derived by PROF. SKEAT from French gaule. The only legitimate change of spelling that f/aol has ever undergone is seen in the dupli- cate form jail. I take no account of the goal. Here I may repeat what I have said in a previous note (8th S. ii. 223). that the spelling with g is the oldest. If MR. RADFORD will read that note he will see that the choice between gaol a.ndjail was in dispute as early as 1668, if not earlier. I would add that Coles, in his 'English-Latin Dictionary' (1677), notices separately gaol, jail, and goal, rendering the first two by "career" and goal by "meta." So, too, in Hexham's English- Dutch ' Dictionarie,' published in 1658. I find these entries: "Gaole, or jayle/' ''Jaile," "Goaleat the foote-ball, or running." Had your correspondent looked out trie three words in Johnson's 'Dictionary,' the ground- lessness of his query might have been evident to him. F. ADAMS. 115, Albany Road, S.K For articles under the head of 'Goal= Gaol,' see 'N. & Q.,' 5«- S. xi. 366, 514; xii. 38, 458, 512. EVERAHD HOME COLEMAN. 71, Brecknock Road. DICK KITCAT (9th S. vi. 87, 237).—;'Dick Kitcat" was the pseudonym of Richard Doyle. I may perhaps be allowed to quote from my ' History of Punch ' :— " When Doyle was first called to the Table, his punctilious father did not show any enthusiasm, being in some doubts, apparently, as to the supposed wild recklessness of these savage orgies. He wrote to the proprietors, hoping that they would not insist upon it for a time, as his son's health was not robust. A little later Doyle himself wrote stiffly to protest against his real name having been printed on the cover of Punch, contrary to his distinct request to Mark Lemon, who had promised to retain the name by which he was already known to the public—' Dick Kitcat'—as in the etched plates to Maxwell's ' Hector O'Halloran.' But the demand was not persisted in." 'O'Halloran' was first published in 1842, so that MR. HOPE'S edition is, of course, a late one. I may add that (1) I have seen the letter referred to, and (2) no signa- ture appears on Doyle's first wrapper. Doyle's objection was probably recorded against the publisher's announcement of the