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NOTES AND QUERIES, [9* s. v. APRIL 21, 1900.

The statement made by Gertrude M. Rey- nolds in the Church Times, as mentioned by ME. PAGE, that "the church of St. Pancras was of enormous extent," is entirely contrary to fact, as it ranks among the smallest of the small churches of England.

The principal references are :

Ven. Bede, ' Hist. Eccles.,' cap. xxvi.

Thome, ' Hist. ADglic. Scrip.,' x., 1652, in Thorne, 1 Chron.,' cap. i. col. 1760.

Soraner, ' The Antiq. of Canterbury,' first edition, 1640 ; second edition, 1703, p. 32.

Dugdale, 'Mon. Anglicanum,' 1655, and later editions.

Grose, ' Antiquities of England and Wales,' 1774, vol. ii.

Hasted, ' Hist, of Kent,' vol.iv. p. 661, folio, 1799.

Goatling, 'A Walk in and about Canterbury,' new edition, 1825, p. 49.

Felix Summerly (Sir Henry Cole), ' Handbook for Canterbury,' 1843, pp. 91-2.

John Brent, F.S.A., 'Canterbury in the Olden Time,' 1879, pp. 260-1.

WALTER CROUCH.

Wanstead, Essex.

DEDICATION BY AUTHOR TO HIMSELF (9 th S. v. 167, 237). Before sending my query I had referred to Mr. H. B. Wheatley's ' Dedi- cation of Books,' but had not looked at the particular heading in his index under which he has entered his reference to two "self- dedicated " books beside Mars ton's ' Scourge of Villainy.' My thanks are due to MR. MAYALL for putting me in the way of finding where such dedications are described in Mr. Wheatley's most excellent and diverting book, to pp. 23-24 of which I refer any who may be interested in the subject, Q. V.

HOLBEIN GATEWAY IN WHITEHALL (9 th S. v. 27). In the June number of the Gentle- man's Magazine and Historical Review for 1866 your correspondent will find an inter- esting description of Holbein's Gateway, with illustration and a number of notes, from which, no doubt, he will gather the informa- tion he is in search of. CHARLES GREEN.

18, Shrewsbury Road, Sheffield,

LOG-ROLLING (7 th S. ix. 106 ; xii. 364; 9 th S.v. 208). A description or definition of "log- rolling," as meaning mutual assistance, may be found in 'Jack Downing's Letters,' by Seba Smith, published in 1835. If my memory does not deceive me, there are allusions to the same in the Crockett almanacs, which ap- peared annually for many years after 1835 or 1836. CHARLES GODFREY LELAND.

GOVERNOR -GENERAL OF MADRAS (9 th S. v. 107, 158). It may interest your readers to know who was the Pater referred to under this designation. John Pater entered the service

of the Nabob of the Carnatic about the year 1770; in 1781, at the battle of Arnee, he com- manded one of the Nabob's four regiments of cavalry; in 1784 the Hon. E.I. Co. took these Pour regiments into its own service, and graded the European officers on its Madras [ist. He served through the Mysore war, 1792-1804, and was promoted major-general at the end of it, being given the command of the northern district, with headquarters at Masulipatam. He died in Madras, 1817, and was buried in the St. Mary's Cemetery ; a tomb covers his remains ; his age was then sixty -six. I find no record of his having been knighted.

FRANK PENNY, LL.M. Fort St. George.

Box -IRONS (9 th S. v. 104, 173). This was fully gone into some time ago. Cf. 8 th S. viii. 428, 510; ix. 96, 174; x. 97, 206, 266, under ' Flat Irons.' G. H. THOMPSON.

ANGLO-SAXON SPEECH (9 th S. iv. 45, 94, 137> 218, 296, 466, 547; v. 156). I think that, at the last reference, your correspondent quite mis- understands my argument. I do not for a moment deny that the use of 'ooman for woman is found amongst those who may be subjected (in other matters) to Celtic in- fluence ; but I deny that Celtic influence has caused the phenomenon. The reason is plain, viz., that it also occurs in dialects on which Celtic influence is nil. Hence the cause as- signed is the wrong one ; and I contend that the true cause was a Scandinavian influence, either as exercised directly or through Anglo- French. The ' English Dialect Dictionary ' will one day fully show, as it has partial^ shown already, that Anglo-French has affected nearly all our dialects ; and hence it is the only cause that can rightly be assigned as sufficient to account for a phenomenon found in so many dialects. This is my last word on the subject seeing that the ultimate proof of the matter will appear some day, when our knowledge of dialects is more complete. I now leave the question to be solved by the evidence of future results.

WALTER W. SKEAT.

SHARES IN MERCHANT SHIPS (9 th S. v. 228). By Act of Parliament 4 Geo. IV. cap. 41 every ship which (upon its first being ouilt, or upon an application being made for its registry) is owned by two or more part owners is to be considered to be divided into sixty-four parts ; and no person is entitled to be registered as part owner in respect of any part less than an integral sixty -fourth (see Holt's 'Navigation Laws,' second edition, 1 824). The editor remarks :