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NOTES AND QUERIES. [9> s. n. JULY so,

and then, a useful term, such as they had neve heard before, which would seem more fitted for their purpose than anything the mother tongue sup plied. Not only did these travellers bring distan peoples into touch with each other, but in some cases, probably in all, they would leave behinc them permanent remains, which, when time anc opportunity arrive, will throw no little light on the life of the far-off past.

The chapter devoted to Judaea is very valuable, for little exists in English relating to the Jews as traders while dwelling in their own land. It was only for a short time that foreign trade flourished among them. Solomon may have originated it by his own imperial genius, knowing that it was a necessity for binding his subject states into a coherent whole, and also that it would marvellously enrich those of his own race. However this may have been, it is evident that when the kingdom was split into two by the revolt of the ten tribes mainly, as it seems, on a question of taxation trade declined, and never reasserted itself in its old proportions. Dr. Cunningham thinks that the spirit of trade so strongly manifesting itself among the Jews of every age, from the time of the dispersion to the present day, is the result of the lessons the race learned under the rule of Solomon. That this has been a great factor influencing their subsequent career cannot be doubted, but surely the long contact with the Phrenicians had some influence also on the racial character. The chapter devoted to "City Life" is highly important, especially those parts relating to capital and labour. The volume contains five care- fully compiled maps.

The Bride of Lammermoor. By Sir Walter Scott.

Edited by A. Lang. (Nimmo.) THE cheap reissue of Mr. Nimmo's large-type "Border Edition" of the " Waverley Novels " has been enriched by the addition of 'The Bride of Lammermoor,' which is not only the best of Scott's romantic tales, but the sombrest and perhaps the most melting tragedy of modern times. It is issued with the eight original designs of the earlier edition, including Millais's 'Lucy and the Master,' which serves as an admirable frontis- piece. We can but repeat what we have said con- cerning previous volumes of the collection that it is an ideal shape in which to read and to possess the work.

A Descriptive Catalogue of Ancient Deeds in the Public Record Office. Vol. II. (Stationery Office.)

THIS volume will be of great use to the topographer and genealogist, but not to them alone. Those who are interested in names of persons, whether those conferred in baptism or such as had become hereditary, will find much to allure them. Curious local names of fields abound therein, which must be tabulated, and, where possible, interpreted. The study of local place-names is quite as important as that of dialect is, in fact, a part of the same far- reaching subject. The materials are not collected yet; we do not even know that a beginning has been made, except in a most perfunctory manner. When in some future generation an index of the local names of England is in the hands of the reader, he will have before him the means of deciding many things as to the race characteristics of the early settlers which no one yet possesses. It is not easy at present to make anything beyond vague

guesses at the meaning of such names as Spondene, in Hertfordshire ; Kyllynga Lane, Dorsetshire ; Swirkeswat, Lincolnshire ; and Haylokestve, Suffolk.

Maldon and the River Blackwater. Bv E A

Fitch, F.L.S. (Maldon, Gower.) THIS is a trustworthy and well-illustrated guide to the antiquities of Maldon. In the copy before us however, the opening chapter is reprinted nearly a dozen times.

Illustrated Guide to Leamington Spa, Warwick Kenihvorth, and Coventry. By Bernard C P' Walters. (Dawbarn & Ward.) WITH its numerous pictures and its antiquarian information this pretty and trustworthy little guide will- be an acceptable companion to all visitors to the eminently picturesque portion of Central England with which it is concerned.

WE have received the Catalogue of the Reference Library of the Warrington Municipal Museum, care- fully compiled by Mr. Charles Madeley, curator and librarian.

WE have further received The Tourist Guide to the Continent, edited by Percy Liudley, with some additions, and also Mountain, Castle, and Craft bu an Ocean Route.

We must call special attention to the following notices :

ON all communications must be written the name a,nd address of the sender, not necessarily for pub- lication, but as a guarantee of good faith.

WE cannot undertake to answer queries privately.

To secure insertion of communications corre- spondents must observe the following rule. Let each note, query, or reply be written on a separate slip of paper, with the signature of the writer and such address as he wishes to appear. Correspond- ents who repeat queries are requested to head the second communication "Duplicate."

CHARLES WELSH ("Peter Parley"). William Martin was the founder of ' Peter Parley's Annual ' which was first issued in 1840. He was an English- man, born at Woodbridge, Suffolk. See ' Dictionary of National Biography.'

CORRIGENDA. 9 th S. i. 513, col. 2, 1. 20 from bottom, for "shikar" read shikari. Ante, p. 59, col. 2, 1. 27 from bottom, for " Vigorian Monologue* " read Vigornian.

NOTICE.

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