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NOTES AND QUERIES. [9 s. n. JULY 30, m

Dissyllables ending in y preceded by a con- sonant are an exception, the y being changed into i before er and est. Dissyllables ending in e are also often compared by adding r and st, as ample, ampler, amplest. No man with an ear would think of writing modestest.

R. M. SPENCE, M.A. Manse of Arbuthnott, N.B.

Mark Twain has an admirable precedent for using this word : " The next pair con- sisted of an Irish fortune-hunter, and one of the prettiest, modestest ladies that ever my eyes beheld " (Goldsmith, ' Essays,' xxiii.). EDWARD H. MARSHALL.

Hastings.

EARLY VERSIONS OF POPULAR FABLES (9 th S. i. 405). There is a curious similarity between the extract from 'Dialoges of Creatures Moralysed ' and the thirty-second Arabian Night, 'The Barber's Tale of his Fifth Brother ' (Burton, ed. of 1894, i. 309).

H. W. L. HIME.

The version of the fable as given by R. R. is to be found in Prof. Max Miiller's excellent essay on ' The Migration of Fables ' (' Chips from a German Workshop,' iv. 170).

EDWARD H. MARSHALL.

Hastings.

ENNIUS (8 th S. xii. 309, 435). The best edition is that by L. Miiller (St. Petersburg, 1885). ALEX. LEEPER.

Trinity College, Melbourne University.

" HOKEDAY " (9 th S. i. 287). The following extract from the records of the City of Lon- don should find a place in your columns. It occurs in Letter-Book I., folio xlix verso, and belongs to the year 1406 :

" Ista proclamatio facta fuit die Veneris proximo ante quindenam Paschai anno regni regis Henrici quarti post conquestura septimo. Soit proclamation faite qe null persone de ceste citee ne dedeins lea suburbes dicelle de quele estate ou condition qyl soyt homme ou feme par rewe ou venelle dicelle preigne, teygne, ou const reyne ascun persone de quele estate ou condicion qil soyt deinz measonou de hors pur hokkyng lundy ne.marsdy proscheins appeles Hokkedayes sur peyne denprisonement et de faire fyn al discretion des mair et Audermans. Et qe chescune conestable serieaunt, Bedell et autre ministre de la dicte Citee eyt poair darrestier tiel persone qi qe soit fesaunt ou usaunt tiell hokkyng et le rnesner al prisone pur y attendre solonc la gard des ditz Mair et Audermans."

ROBT. J. WHITWELL. 70, Banbury Road, Oxford.

BOGIE (9 th S. i. 509). The query of Hie ET UBIQUE is not, to me at least, quite plain. Does it mean the derivation of the term itself, or of its application to the newly invented

form of railway carriage, circa 1869? If it is to the former, references in 'N. & Q.' are too many to enumerate ; if it is to the latter, there are long notes by CUTHBERT BEDE and JAMES HUNTER at 5 th S. v. 389. It seems ob- viously due to the adaptation of the existing familiar bogie to the new form of carriage, which turns round a curve with facility and comes upon one unexpectedly, without any warning, like a spectre. This peculiar form of carriage, turning upon a pivot, is said to have been first used near Newcastle-upon- Tyne. The Times of 19, 20, 21 October of that year has articles upon it, in which the meaning, as above, is accepted, with such allusions as these :

" Bogie is most of all a good and clever bogie if it will lighten our load, and make it easy, like the lubber-fiend of the fairy tales."

"If bogie is a name of terror in legendary lore, it ought to be a name of good cheer in railway annals."

The first engines on this plan were for use in the streets of New York.

ED. MARSHALL, F.S.A.

This term, applied to long engines and carriages, refers more particularly to their capability of bending round curves, and is consequently most probably derived from the German bogen, a bow or arch. Bailey derives bog from the Dutch boogen, to bend, and says a quagmire is called a bog because it bends, or gives way, when trodden upon. He also refers the verb to boggle, i. e., to waver, to the same source. G. YARROW BALDOCK.

A DOMESTIC IMPLEMENT (9 th S. i. 367, 489). An instrument for making gauffres, consisting simply of a pair of tongs, the ends of which are flat plates (probably with a depression fashioned between them), is figured in the ' Recueil de plusieurs Machines Militaires ' of Franc. Thybourel et Appier dit Hanzelet, Pont-a-Mousson, 1620, 4to., livre iii. p. 23. It is the accompaniment of a portable corn- grinding mill, consisting of two pairs of stones driven by the rotation of the wheels of the truck on which they are mounted. The instrument of which I speak is shown emitting flames to indicate its use when hot, and the following sentence explains its object :

" Cette charette peut aussi servir pour porter du bagage, en un temps de necessite soit dedans ou dehors une place : 1'on se peut servir des gaufres au deffaut de pain, ce que nous a faict icy mettre la figure du fer pour les faire."

J. ELIOT HODGKIN.

When I was a boy, some sixty years ago, I used to stay at a country house and see such