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NOTES AND QUERIES. [9* s. XIL DEC. 26,

idiosyncrasy or temperament. Some peopl are naturally credulous, others are naturally sceptical, and what appears extremely pro bable to A will seem the height of impro bability to B.

Some time ago I endeavoured to demon strate the probability that the designation of St. Mary Matfelon was derived from th name of an Anglo-French family. Severa London churches, like St. Laurence Pountney St. Benet Fink, St. Martin Orgar, &c., hac obtained their appellations in this manner and there was no improbability in anothe doing so. But MR. MACMICHAEL has failec to prove that any London church has de rived its designation from a house-sign, anc he has adduced no facts in support of hi: " probability/'' He has, of course, a perfec right to his own opinion, and 1 can onlj regret that I do not share it, seeing how often I have been instructed and gratifiec by the extent of MR. MACMICHAEL'S reading in those branches of London topography in which he is an acknowledged master.

W. F. PEIDEAUX.

THE NATIONAL FLAG (9 th S. xii. 327, 372, 398, 454). COL. RIVETT-CARNAC does not mention that the Union Jack with a broao white border is allowed to be carried by a British merchant ship. If his proposal is to be carried out, what is to become of the Red Ensign ? to my eyes quite as honourable a symbol as the Union Jack, for I abhor war as a barbarous and inefficient method for settling international disputes. When I made the voyage to the St. Lawrence a good many years ago, our steamer, the Mongolian, one of the Allan line, displayed the Blue Ensign. I was told that this was because her captain was a lieutenant in the Naval Reserve. T. WILSON.

Harpenden.

MISTAKES IN PRINTED REGISTERS (9 th S. xi. 326, 415). The mistakes which have been mentioned, of printing "Ingge" for Jugge, 'Inscole" for Juscole (Jew school) re- mind me that in the * Registers of St. Paul's Cathedral (Harleian Soc., 1899), p. 143, there is an entry of marriage between Joe Whit- bread and Elizabeth Hinde. "Joe" appears to be a mistake or misprint for Ive. See Landed Gen try '(ninth edition, 1898) 11. 1582. Complete freedom from error is seldom, if ever, obtained by the editor of a book, and the initial letters of names seem peculiarly liable to go wrong in the transcript of a register or the print of the transcript. Thus in Mr. Kirby's 'Winchester Scholars'

(Henry Frowde, 1888), "Boswell" (1503) should be Roswell ; "Grumbye" (1518) should be Quinbye; "Brete" (1534), Grete ; "Hett" (1555), Flett ; " Pawne " (1595), Fawne ; " Grin- bye" (1595), Smithe; and "Derney" (1621), Verney. It may be added that " Kete " (1505) should be Kele ; " Damens " (1516) should be Danvers; "Rytge"(1517),Rythe; "Martyne" (1572), Mortimer; "Leper" (1592 and 1595), Lopez ; " Phinean " (1625), Phivean (Vivian) ; "Compton" (1636), Complen or Complin: and " Pease " (1643), Peare. H. C.

MUIR FAMILY (9 th S. xii. 410). If MR. A. J. MUIR is a direct descendant of the first Muir to whom the arms were originally granted, he is undoubtedly entitled to hold and use the said arms so long as he pays the pre- scribed fees. There are, however, scores of families of this name, both here and abroad, who, claiming kinship with MR. MUIR, may alike be entitled to bear the same arms.

CHAS. F. FORSHAW, LL.D.

Baltimore House, Bradford.

RICHARD II. : FROISSART (9 th S. xii. 468). So also in Johnes's translation of Froissart, I write just to note that, in that translation, the reference is to chap. 112 (not 94) of the fourth book. WALTER W. SKEAT.

JACOBIN : JACOBITE (9 th S. xii. 469). An instance of the confusion of Jacobinism with Jacobitism occurs in a note on p. 444 of vol. i. of Buckle's 'History of Civilization' (1885): "The accession of George III. is generally ixed on as the period when English Jacobin- ism became extinct." A reference follows to- Butler's 'Reminiscences,' vol. ii. p. 92, which I have not at hand. The 'N.E.D.,' by the way, though treating the words fully, does not mention any such synonymity.

J. DORMER.

This subject has already been discussed in N. & Q.' See 3 rd S. i. 425 ; ii. 282 ; vii. 329.

EVERARD HOME COLEMAN. 74, Brecknock Road.

EXCOMMUNICATION OF Louis XIV. (9 th S. di. 468). May not Evelyn be referring to he Bull of Innocent XL, promulgated in Vlay, 1687, in which the Pope requires accept- he ambassadorial "quarters" in Rome, on >ain of excommunication ? When Lavardin pas sent to Rome by Louis, he was instructed o insist on the same privileges being main- ained as his predecessors had enjoyed, but nnocent refused the ambassador an audience, fho, after waiting more than a year, had to eturn to France, his credentials undelivered.
 * nce of his abrogation of the immunities of