Page:Notes and Queries - Series 2 - Volume 1.djvu/491

 2nd s. N> 24., JUNE 14. '56.]

NOTES AND QUERIES.

483

family, the ancestral parchments would, no doubt, tell which particular Horsley they were lords of. If not, provided his family resided near a town- ship of that name, they might fairly be considered as taking their name from such township. Hen- gist and Horsa will not do ? P. P.

Etymology of "Bard" (2 nd S. i. 390.) Welsh bardd, barth, barg ; Gaelic bard, baird ; Irish bard; Armen. barth ; Old French barde ; Latin bardus ; Greek jSapSos.

Owen says, Barz, one that makes conspicuous : a priest ; a philosopher; a teacher ; and, as poetry was a principal requisite, and the vehicle for spreading of knowledge, he was necessarily a poet ; from bar, affliction, wrath, fury, impulse.

Bochart says, from Heb. paral, to modulate : Dr. John Macpherson, that it cannot be traced to any root. Armstrong says :

" In opposition to these opinions, it may be stated, that bard is ,of Celtic origin; and that it properly means one who extols, being resolved into b-ard. That ard itself, a three-lettered monosyllable, is not a radical word, but is derived from the primeval root ar, high, which is seen in every language on earth, and, though now gone into disuse among the Gael, is still retained by the Celts of Bretagne in their dialect called the Armoric. That bard is derived from ard is more likely, to say the least of it, since the northern word scald, or poet, whose pursuits were similar to the bard's, means also an extoller, being derived from alt, allt, or aid, forms of the same word, which is common to the Celtic and Gothic languages, and signifies high. Bard and scald, therefore, are synony- mous terms."

Menage says :

" Isaac Pontanus (en son petit Glossaire) derives it from the ancient Gallic word baren, 'qui signifit Clamare, ce qu'ils confirme par ce passage de Tacite en son livre des mreurs des Allemans. Ituri in praelia canunt. Stint et illis hsec quoque carmina; quorum relatu quern bari- tum vocant, accendunt animos, futurteque pugnje for- tun,-un ipso cantu augurantur. Nee tarn vocis ille quam vitutis concentus videtur. Affectatur prascipue asperitas soni, et fractum murmur.' "

Lemon says :

" If the word druid be Greek, as all our etymologists allow, then there can be no hesitation in admitting that the wovd bard may be Greek likewise; and Litt. tells us that 'bard' signifies waerd or word, which, like erro?, sig- nifies ' et verbum et carmen.' Now the bards were most certainly the British poets, harpers, or singers, and of equal antiquity with the Druids."

R. S. CHARNOCK.

Dr. Beddoes" " History of Isaac Jenkins" Many thanks to your correspondents J. M. GUTCH and I. K. R. W. for their kind information relative to this gentleman (2 nd S. i. 278.), and trust you will permit me to repeat my Query for the loan of a copy of his celebrated History of Isaac Jenkins. J. B. WHITBORNE.

Country Bills (2 nd S. i. 390.) ANON, has sent two notices of country bills : the first I have some-

where seen (much better told than his version), but. I cannot lay my hand upon it. Perhaps I may be allowed to add another.

The following is a copy of bill, sent to a gentle- man from an inn in Essex, where he had left his horse, with directions that it should be baited, stabled for the night, and sent home in the morn- ing. The bill ran thus :

. d.

To anos - - - 4 6

To agitinonimom - - 6

5 0"

Which being translated reads, " To an horse, 4s. Gd. To a gettin' on him home, 6d." M. C.

Mayor of London in 1335 (2 nd S. i. 353.) The two following extracts from Stow's Chronicles (ed. London, printed by James Govvlande, 1565) will clearly show who was mayor of London in the year 1335 :

" 1334. Reignold \ ,, ( John Kyngston > q at cundyt J ( Walter Turke J B

This yere Kyng Edward sent ambassadors into France, to conclude a peace, which toke none effect."

" 1335. Reignold \ M f Walter Mordon ) g at conduit J ' ( Richard Upton j This yere Kyng Edward made claim to the crowne of France, and therefore proclaimed open warre betweene England and France."

The edition of Stow from which I quote is printed in black-letter, and certainly, if your cor- respondent is correct in his assertion, differs from that of 1607, which ascribes the mayoralty of London in 1335 to Richard Wotton. It would therefore seem that not only is Stow, in his Survey of London, at variance with Stow in his Chronicles, but that two editions of this latter work differ as to the subject in question : Sibi ipsi impar est. The truth most probably is, that Reignold at Con- duit occupied the office of mayor in both the years 1334 and 1335, and that the insertion of the names of Nicholas Woton and Richard Wotton was the result of error. JAMES SPENCE HARRY.

Paris.

As your correspondent W. (Bombay) may not have consulted Heylin's List of Lord Mayors, I take the liberty of informing him, that according to this author, " Reginald, at the Conduit" was lord mayor in two consecutive years, 1334 and 1335, and that Nicolas Wotton was lord mayor in 1337. C.'H. P.

"Herbergier te Worsclwoten" (2 nd S. i. 371.) Menage says the her, in Herbergen, is the Celt. asr, war. He says also :

" Heriberga a etc fait de 1'Allemand herbergen, qui signifie loger, ou reccvoir une armee, mais qui a aiissi signifie' loger, en general."

The' Anglo-Saxon' Itere-berga is a station, a