Page:Notes and Queries - Series 12 - Volume 9.djvu/351

 12 s. ix. OCT. s, i92i.] NOTES AND QUERIES. 285 lunatic fanatic sects" Butler (c. 1680). And there might be added : Bigg ith phdnatique thoughts and wilde desire. (From 1662 ' Eump Songs,' Pt. I., ' To the City.') Lunatic, by the way, was accented as now unless in " uneducated " lunatic Scot- land as early as ' Piers Plowman ' at end of the fourteenth century : Lunatik Jollers and leperes about. True, in 1604 (vide ' N.E.D.') : The greatest Foole is wise if he be rich, And wisdome flows from his Lundtique brain. As has been said, it is beside the mark to point to Latin fandticus. Exceptions in this direction, of accentua- tion earlier in the word, there are, if rela- tively few. Shakespeare is always rheumatic and such is the only pronunciation allowed by Dr. Johnson, a century and a half later : Therefore the moon, the governess of floods, Pale in her anger, washes all the air, That rheumatic diseases do abound. ('Midsummer Night's Dream,' II. i. 103.) O'erworn, despised, rheumatic and cold. (' Venus and Adonis,' 135.) So in Hey wood's ' A Woman killed with Kindness ' contemporary with ' Hamlet ' : The night is raw and cold and rheumatic. Shakespeare always persevers, and has perseverance ; and would have had per- severant (which in 1850 ' The Angel in the House ' has). So Massinger (1672) : Persever in it. And what we maintain. (' Virgin Martyr,' I. i.) Before the noun, Shakespeare has com- plete : What may this mean, That thou, dead corse, again in complete steel Revis't'st thus the glimpses of the moon ? (' Hamlet,' I. iv. 51 (c. 1600).) And so, Shakespeare's contemporaries. And so ' Comus ' (1634) : She that has that is clad in complete steel (1. 421). So also " A sort of sober, scurvy, precise neighbours," in Ben Jonson's ' Alchemist,' I. i. (1610). Then fdrlorn : Then, gentle nymph, cherish thy fdrlorn swain. (' Two Gentlemen of Verona,' V. iv. 12.) Some say that ravens foster fdrlorn children. (' Titus Andronicus,' II. iii. 153.) And so more than a hundred years later, in Young's (1719) ' Busiris,' V.) : What urge these forlorn rebels in excuse For choosing ruin ? Yet before Shakespeare, and after, it was already forlorn, in Chaucer, and in Milton's Seest thou yon dreary plain forlorn and wild ? ('Paradise Lost,' i. 180 (1667).) Perspective always in Shakespeare : Contempt his scornful perspective did lend me Which warped the line of every other favour. (' All's Well,' V. iii. 48.) And in Ben Jonson (d. 1637) : He'll show a perspective where on one side You shall behold the faces and the persons. (' Alchemist,' III. ii.) It is so in Dr. Johnson (1755), with examples from Dry den (d. 1700) : You hold the glass, but turn the perspective. And perspectives of pleasant glades. In Dryden's ' Hind and Panther ' (i.) is : In fields their sullen conventicles found, and (ii.) Dance, said the Panther, times are mended well, Since late among the Philistines you fell. In the ' Faery Queene ' (c. 1590) There came hot July, boiling like fire. It lasted so even in theory until the day of Johnson' s ' Dictionary.' But, in practice, if William Morris thus wavers, in ' Jason,' i xiv. 181 : No new delight July shall bring But ancient fear and fresh desire, And, spite of every lovely thing, Of July surely shall ye tire, Coventry Patmore, a century after Johnson, has no wavering, in * Departure ' : Do you, that have nought other to lament, Never, my Love, repent Of how, that July afternoon, You went. . . . In Dr. Johnson's ' Vanity of Human Wishes' (1749): The Senate's thanks, the Gazette's pompous tale. And this temporary seventeenth and eigh- teenth century pronunciation his dictionary gives. And also gives effort ; then living in prose. As in Dryden's verse ; in his rival Shadwell's 'Medal' also: In Cromwell's court, Where first your Muse did make her great effort. (True, the only Johnson quotation is Pope's effort, in Epistle i.). A distinguished Cam- bridge scholar of our day cannot bring himself to believe that efforts were ever made in prose. Even he, nods ; in these rockings to and fro. Temporary, too, or spasmodic against Shakespeare, Milton, and Pope with his