Page:Notes and Queries - Series 12 - Volume 9.djvu/264

 214 NOTES AND QUERIES. [12 s.ix. SEPT. 10,1921. THE SENTRY AT POMPEII (12 S. viii. 131, 177, 258 ; ix. 175). J. R. H. asks at the last reference, " What actually did overwhelm Pompeii and Herculaneum ? " These two towns did not suffer exactly the same fate. To take Pompeii first : The great eruption of Vesuvius in A.D. 79 covered Pompeii with a layer of pumice-stones two to three metres deep, and above this with a layer of fine ash for one and a half to two metres. See chap. iii. of the Introduction to August Mau's book on Pompeii, and the article on Pompeii in the last edition of the ' Encyclo- paedia Britannica,' by the late Sir E. H. Bunbury, revised by Dr. Thomas Ashby, the well-known Director of the British School at Rome. Mau's book has been translated into English by an American professor, F. W. Kelsey. Herculaneum was buried to a much greater depth, sixty feet or more, and the modern town of Resina stands on the top of all this. Hence the greater difficulty and expense of excavation. The material under which Herculaneum lies is also pumice-stones and ashes, but apparently not in two definite strata as at Pompeii, but mixed together and hardened into a kind of tufa. See Felice Barnabei's article in the ' Encyclopaedia Britannica.' He writes : The opinion that immediately after the first outbreak of Vesuvius, a torrent of lava was ejected over Herculaneum was refuted by the scholars of the 18th century, and their refutation is confirmed by Beule (' Le Drame du Vesuve,' p. 240 seq.). Mau also observes that the statement that lava flowed over Herculaneum is an error that has often been repeated. See, further, Waldstein and Shoobridge, ' Herculaneum, Past, Present and Future,' 1908, which con- tains an account of the great eruption by Professor Hughes, who refutes the stream of lava legend. At 12 S. viii. 258, the question was put, a propos of the story of the Pompeian sentry, Why should this particular skeleton be considered a myth any more than the many others surprised at their various occupa- tions ? " This question can be considered when satisfactory proof is forthcoming. What is said by guides about the soldier is not evidence. EDWABD BENSLY. the fusils are heads of nails. The two links look like a cotton hank, and if so the tomb is not so old as De Brus. When was Hartlepool Church restored and the tomb moved ? Fusils and lozenges are rare in combination with lions. E. E. COPE. CAMPBELL SHIELD OP ARMS (US. ix. Ill, 176). The fourth quartering is Hutchinson and the next brought in by that family : Milveton, I think. Apparently in this shield it is reversed. The charges are millstones, not roses. E. E. COPE. TOURNAY FONT AT BOULGE (12 S. ix. 147). Has it ever been noticed that ap- parently the shape of the black marble Tournay fonts was copied in local stone in various English parish churches ? E. E. COPE. MILK, BUTTER AND CHEESE STREETS (12 S. ix. 169). There is a Milk Street in Shrews- bury. The Butter Market in that town was at one time where the present Post Office now stands, and was often called the " But- ter Cross," though the high cross which gave it this name had long disappeared. HERBERT SOUTH AM. One of the best-known streets of Ipswich is the " Butter Market," in which stands one of the chief sights of the town, " Spar- rowe's House," or the " Ancient House." Fuller, in his ' Worthies,' praised Suffolk butter : For Quantity and Quality this County doth excel, and venteth it at London, and elsewhere. The Child not yet come to, and the old Man who is past the use of Teeth, eateth no softer, the Poor Man no cheaper (in this Shire), the Rich no wholesomer food, I mean in the morning. Fuller also writes of Suffolk cheese : I remember, when living in Cambridge, the Cheese of this County was preferred as the best. If any say that Scholars' palates are incompetent Judges, whose hungry appetites make coarse Diet seem delicates unto them, let them know, that Pantaleon, the learned Dutch Physician, counted them equal at least with them of Parma in Italy. But Camden, in whose ' Britannia ' Pantaleon's praise is quoted, remarks of him that he was not one of the nice scholars of Apicius, and John Nichols, in a note on Fuller, says that Suffolk is not the particulai county which a modern Epicure would select for the finest cheese. EDWARD BENSLY. DE BRUS TOMB AT HARTLEPOOL (12 S. MR. R. HEDGER WALLACE is wrong in ix. 30, 78, 178). It appears to me the shield ! stating that there is no " Milk Street " in has been copied in stone from a brass, and Liverpool. The street so called dates from