Page:Notes and Queries - Series 11 - Volume 8.djvu/53

 ii s. vii. JA*. is, 1913.] NOTES AND QUERIES.

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" Up to Midnight," V. The Argument. An Invocation of Sir Tatton Sykes. Desire for the metropolis in wet weather. A scene of the Floods, and discussions on the picturesque. Mr. McNimbus recommends a method of imparting admiration of it. Poetic farmers' boys and bootmakers. Eng- lish imagination. Emperor Napoleon : a subject for History, not for Poetry. His great service to Italy. Mr. McNimbus on Dynasties in France. The Emperor's fortitude. The Napoleonic legend, -and its effect on French digestion. Sir Patrick cites Marshal MacMahon in favour of the Emperor. Short passage of arms between Sir Patrick and Mr. McNimbus. The Graphic, vii. 59, 61, Jan. 18, 1873.

J. D. H.

THE WANDERING JEW : HIS PROBABLE BUDDHIST ORIGIN. In ' N. & Q.' for 12 Aug., 1899, a Japanese scholar gave us, from Chinese sources, an account of the legend of Pindola, the Buddhist analogue of the Wandering Jew. In the Chicago Open Court, 1903, the present writer pointed out that the story was in the Sanskrit of the Divyavadana, and even in the French of Burnouf (1844).

Gaston Paris (' Legendes du Moyen Age,' Paris, 1903) says that the Christian legend is unknown to the vast mass of Greek and Slavic apocrypha, unknown in the legends of Oriental Christianity, and even in those of the Latin Middle Ages. The story seems to have appeared all at once in Europe, from the East, in the thirteenth century, Gaston Paris overlooks the fact that it is mentioned in the Chronicle of Roger of Wendover, who says that in 1228 it was told at St. Albans by an Armenian arch- bishop then visiting England. It appears to have been known already in that country, for the monks of St. Albans begin by asking their visitor about the mysterious wanderer. The Armenian says that he has himself conversed with him, for the Wanderer roams about the Orient, passing his time -among bishops.

Gaston Paris makes the story appear first In Italy, where the astrologer Guido Bon- atti whom Dante has in hell speaks to a person whom he had met in 1223, and who pretended that he had lived at the Court of Charlemagne ! Bonatti then adds (in Latin) :

"And it was told me then that there was a certain -other who lived in the time of Jesus Christ, and was called John Buttadeus, and that he had then driven the Lord when He was being led to the cross, and the Lord said to him, ' Thou shalt tarry for Me

until I come!' And the same John passed

through Forli in the year of Christ 1267." (Mis- printed 1287 in the Revue, do, VHistoire des Religions, tome 1. p. 108.)

Gaston Paris is much puzzled by the name Buttadeus, in Italian Buttadeo, and found in similar forms in other parts of Europe. To my mind the whole thing is explained by the form found in Sicily Arributtadeu. In view of the manifestly Oriental origin of the legend, I hope that scholars will be lenient with me when I see in this name Ariya Buddhadeva. Ariya (Sanskrit Arya) is a common Pali epithet of honour for saints, and Buddhadeva is a familiar Buddhist proper name, meaning "Buddha the god," just as Elijah and a thousand other Oriental names of men are compounded of divine titles. Clement of Alexandria, who is the first Christian writer to mention Buddha, writes the name Boutta. There was a Hindu colony in Armenia from the first century to the fourth, the period when that country became Christian.

As it is now well established and a common- place in cyclopaedias, including the ' Catholic Cyclopaedia,' that St. Josaphat (27 Nov.) is simply Buddha, whose legend was worked over in the Christian East, I do not think it extravagant to claim the Wandering Jew as a Christian recasting of the Pincfola of the Buddhist texts. ALBERT J. EDMUNDS.

Historical Society of Pennsylvania,

PHILOLOGIC RELATIONSHIP. The follow- ing passage from ' Provence,' by C. Senes dit La Sinse, concerning the influence of Sara- cenic speech upon the Provenyal, is inter- esting as regards our own :

" Qn grand nombre de legumes, de fruits et de fleurs portent le meme nom : 1'aubergine, la merinjeane des Provericaux, est appelee Bedanjain par 1'Arabe ; 1'epinafd se dit etfinadji ; la chataigne, caslana ; le citron, limoun ; le chou, kollet ; 1'reillet, ginovflade, garoufet ; la charrette, car- retta ; le savon, saboum ; le chat, cat ; la cruche. dourgo, dourg, arrondi." P. 281.

ST. SWITHIN.

JOHN STUBBE. According to the * D.N.B.' John Stubbe, whose right hand had been cut off on 3 Nov., 1579, died in 1591. The following extracts with reference to him are from William Lambarde's diary, in which is an entry, written and signed by John Stubbe, concerning the massacre in France on St. Bartholomew's Day the only extraneous entry, by the by, in a diary that was commenced in 1550, and has been kept up to the present day :

2nd Nov., 1579. Joanni Stubbe preeciditur manus dextra.

16th Jan. Sepultus est Joannes Stubbe, Dyrvae in Normannia, 15S9.

F. L.