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NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii s. vn. MAY 31, 1913.

Not only is there (so far as I am aware) no record of the use either of infallid or slrage earlier than 1635, but it will be noticed that both of them are to be found in ' The Hierarchie of the Blessed Angels.' Had Webster read this work when he wrote ' Appius and Virginia ' ? Apart from his use of these two extremely rare words, there is reason to believe that he had. In Act V. sc. iii. of the play Icilius confronts Virginius with the murdered body of Virginia in order that the sight of the bleeding corpse may harden his heart and urge him to execute vengeance upon Appius. " See ! " he ex- claims,

Her wounds still bleeding at the horrid presence Of yon stern murderer, till she find revenge ; Nor will these drops stanch, or these springs be dry Till theirs be set a bleeding. Shall her soul ( Whose essence some suppose lives in the blood) Still labour without rest ?

Book ix. of the ' Hierarchie ' (ed. 1635; p. 586) treats " Of the nature of the soul," and here the different opinions of the old philosophers on this subject are set forth (I quote only so much as is material to my purpose) :

Some grant a Soule, but curiously desire To have th' essence thereof deriv'd from Fire Of Water, some : others, of Aire compound it ;

As vainly too of the Soules seat they write ; To the braines ventricle some one confines it :

Empedocles would have it understood. The sole place she resides in, is the Bloud.

It is quite possible, of course, that Webster might have derived his information else- where, without going to its original source. He might, for instance, have obtained it from Florio's * Montaigne,' bk. ii. chap, xii., where there is a similar enumeration of con- flicting philosophical opinions about the soul :

"To Plato [it seemed] that it [the soul] was a

substance moving of it selfe To Hesiodus and

Anaximander, a thing composed of earth and water : To Parmenides, of earth and fire : To Empedocles, of bloud."

But it seems more probable, and more in accord with w r hat we find elsewhere in Webster's plays, that we have here the result of a recent perusal of his friend's work, rather than his recollection of a book that he had read many years before. Web- ster's phrasing also points to Heywood. rather than Florio's ' Montaigne/ as the source. Note in Heywood the word " es- sence " and the expression "resides in" the blood.

If I am right in assuming that the use of the words infallid and strage, and the

reference to the theory of Empedocles as to the seat of the soul, point to Webster's acquaintance \vith ' The Hierarchie of the Blessed Angels,' then ' Appius and Virginia ' must have been written between 1635 and 1630. In any event I have, I think, pro- duced sufficient evidence to demonstrate beyond doubt that it is later than 1630.

H. D. SYKES. Enfield.

JOHN BROUGHTON, PUGILIST. According to the ' D.N.B.' John Broughton, " usually considered as the father of British pugilism," who died as a Yeoman of the Guard, \vas buried on 21 Jan., 1789, in Lambeth Church, his pall-bearers being six noted pugilists. His epitaph in Latin is added. ' The West- minster Abbey Registers,' edited by Joseph Lemuel Chester for the Harleian Society (1876), state that he was buried in the West Cloister of Westminster Abbey, and the editor in a foot-note refers to the assertion by " the journals of the day " that he was buried in Lambeth Church. Dean Stanley, again, in his ' Memorials of Westminster Abbey ' (1890, p. 311), declares that he was buried in the cloister, adding :

"After his name on the gravestone is a space which was to have been filled up with the words ' Champion of England.' The Dean objected, and the blank remains."

A foot-note states :

" These facts were communicated to the master- mason of the Abbey (Mr. Poole) by Broughton 's son-in-law."

It would thus appear that the statement in the ' D.N.B.' requires correction.

URLLAD.

INIGO JONES : HIS CHRISTIAN NAME. (See 8 S. vi. 227, 290, 375, 414; vii. 365.) According to the proceedings in the Court of Requests (bundle 56, No. 6) the architect's father was known as Enego Jhones. The following abstract of the proceedings which are referred to in ' D.N B.' may perhaps be considered of sufficient interest to occupy some of the valuable space in ' N. & Q.' :

"Bill (not dated) by Enego Jhones of the city of London, cloth worker, v. Richard Baker of London, baker. The plaintiff is bound to the defendant in a bond of 80Z. for payment of 607., of which 60Z. he has paid 61. or 11., without receiving any note of hand for the same from the defendant. Plaintiff is a poor man, and greatly behind, by reason that a number of men that were his debtors are dead, not leaving sufficient to discharge their debts, so that he is obliged to compound with his creditors. For seven years past the defendant has served him with bread, and thereby received great sums of money of him. An agreement was made by which the