Page:Notes and Queries - Series 11 - Volume 8.djvu/157

 NOTES AND QUERIES.

153

"BURGEE" (11 S. vii. 65). I have always conjectured this word to be a false singular of the " Chinee," " Portugee," " marquee " class, and to be cferived in some way from Fr. bourgeois, or, rather, its older form bourgeis, in its sixteenth-century sense of *' shipowner." This sense is we! established in the dictionaries e.g., Cot- grave has " le bourgeois d'un navire " (the owner of a ship), while Jal in his ' Glossaire Nautique,' s.v. * Bourgeois,' gives two early quotations from nautical writers as to the relative responsibilities and rights of the owner and master. I think that this etymology, the weak point of which was the absence of early quotations, is proved by the two valuable instances supplied by MR. ALBERT MATTHEWS. In the more recent of these (1750) the "burgee" is flown by a man " in his own boat," which allows one to suppose that this flag may have indicated ownership ; while in the earlier (1653) the expression " Burgee's caution " can only be a corruption of Fr. caution bourgeoise, explained by Cotgrave as " city securitie, or security of rich, and resident citizens." I cannot understand what the English means in this case, but the connexion of " burgee " with bourgeois seems evident. ERNEST WEEKLEY. University College, Nottingham.

" DANDER r; (11 S. vi. 468 ; vii. 15, 52). The following is from * Pen Sketches by a Vanished Hand,' a collection of papers by Mortimer Collins, published posthumously in 1879, vol. i. p. 154:

''Among the words which, provincial in England, have got iuto Yankee slang whence it will doubt- less be promoted to American language is dander, a Western word from the Anglo-Saxon tynder, and of course cognate with the common word tinder. The root is tynan, to set on tire or enrage. The slang of one epoch becomes the language of another ; the Doric of one people becomes the Attic of another."

W. B. H.

THB TEXT OF SHAKESPEARE'S SONNETS (XXV. AND CXXVI. (US. vi. 446; vii. .'32. 76). I do not see why MR. BROWN refers particularly to Sonnet CXXII. for the key to No. CXXV. I should go much further back for it to No. OX VI., if not further still. From the last-named onwards, at any rate, there is not a sonnet in the series that does not reflect something of the grow- ing estrangement between the two friends, It is not safe, of course, in interpreting any particular sonnet to rely too much upon its place in the series as printed by Thorpe. There is no reason to suppose that the order

of the sonnets is due to Shakespeare, and though Thorpe, or whoever arranged them, has paid some attention to their purport, we cannot suppose that we have them exactly in the order in which they were written. Some of them are almost certainly out of place. But, as I have said, the ten indicated are all more or less upon the same theme, as r with one exception only, are the seven which immediately precede them. No. CXXII.., however, appears to me to refer to some comparatively trivial incident in the process of estrangement, though behind it there were graver matters that had been grossly exaggerated to Shakespeare's prejudice by other parties. He admits a fault, but is indignant with his slanderers ; see Sonnets CXII. and CXXI. It is, I must believe, to one or other of such slanderers that he again refers in CXXV.

May I ask MR. BROWN whom he takes for the " true soul " of the final couplet ? Surely it is Shakespeare himself ; it i& Shakespeare who is " impeach'd ' : ; and~ therefore, Shakespeare who does not stand in the " control " of the informer. How, then, can jealousy be the informer, for there is here no question of jealousy on Shake- speare's part ? C. C. B.

THOMAS CHIPPENDALE, UPHOLSTERER (10 S. vi. 447; vii. 37; 11 S. vi. 407; vii. 10, 54, 94). MR. A. S. ELLIS'S reference to the Copendale family of Beverley i& interesting, and his suggestion that this family is a branch of the Chippindale family is supported in a half-hearted manner by Bardsley in his 'Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames.' In the Doomsday Survey Chipping is written " Chipinden " ; but in the charter of Henry I. to Robert de Lacy in 1102 (see Farrer's * Lancashire Pipe Rolls and Early Charters,' p. 382) Chipping - dale is written "Cepndela." Now there are two other words in this Latin charter begin- ning with " C," namely, Carta and Camcatas, which have both the sound of " K," hence we may give the sound of " K " to Cepndela,. which then would not be far from Coppen- dale.

Yet in spite of this I venture to suggest that the two names are radically different For the following reasons : " cop " is a hill- top, "coppen" is the plural, to which ' dale " could soon be added, and so the name Coppendale would arise. So far, I have not met with an instance of this sur- name in Lancashire, but it occurs in York- shire and Lincolnshire. On the other hand, the name Chippingdale, derived from the-