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NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. v. JUNE 22, 1912.

are carried out. The cylinder is not a conven- tional but a real cylinder ; it is carefully worked, down to every bolt and moulding, from a model made from a drawing by James Watt himself." The pedestal is of Derbyshire freestone, and on it is simply inscribed " James Watt." Other statues to Watt: Watt died at Heathfield, Staffordshire, and is buried at Handsworth, in the mortuary chapel on the south side of the chancel of the parish church. Here was erected by his son James in 1825 Chantrey's fine statue of the great engineer. Watt is represented seated ; over his crossed knees is spread a plan of a steam-engine, and with his right hand he holds a pair of compasses over it. Replicas of this statue were afterwards erected in Westminster Abbey. Manchester, Edin- burgh, Glasgow, and Greenock.

That at Westminster bears the following eloquent inscription written by Lord Brougham :

Not to perpetuate a name which must endure while the

peaceful

arts nourish

but to show

that mankind have learned to honour

those who best deserve their gratitude,

the King,

his Ministers and many of the Nobles

and Commoners of the Realm,

raised this monument to

James Watt, who, directing the force of an original

genius,

early exercised in philosophic research, to the improvement of

the Steam Engine,

enlarged the resources of his country,

increased the power of man,

and rose to an eminent place

among the most illustrious followers

of science

and the real benefactors of the world- Born at Greenock, MDCCXXXVI. Died at Heathfield, in Staffordshire, MDCCCXIX.

The statue of Watt at Glasgow stands in George Square ; that at Edinburgh in front of the Heriot-Watt Institute and School of Art in Chambers Street; and that at Greenock in the Watt Institution. The Manchester statue, erected in front of the Infirmary. Piccadilly, in June, 1857, was copied by Theed.

There is also a statue of Watt in the City Square, Leeds, presented to the town by the late Mr. R. Wainwright.

Grantham. On 21 September, 1858, a bronze statue of Sir Isaac Newton, by Theed, was unveiled on St. Peter's Hill by Lord Brougham. The cost 1,600?.

was defrayed by public subscription. New- ton is bareheaded, and clad in academic garb. The pose suggests that of a lecturer, and his left hand holds a scroll displaying an illustration from his ' Principia.' On the front of the pedestal is inscribed the one word " Newton."

Folkestone. A statue of William Harvey was unveiled on 6 August, 1881. The sculptor, Mr. Albert Bruce Joy, represents Harvey standing, bareheaded and clad in the dress of the period, with an academic gown thrown loosely over his shoulders. His right hand, with fingers outspread, is laid upon his breast, and in his left hand he grasps a human heart. On the front of the pedestal, facing the sea, is inscribed

Harvey and on the back the following :

William Harvey Discoverer of the Circulation

of the Blood

Born in Folkestone 1 April 1578

Died in London 3 June 1657

Buried at Hempstead, Essex.

It may be mentioned that for 226 years

the remains of Harvey reposed in a vault

beneath the west end of Hempstead Church,

enclosed in a leaden shell. On 18 April,

1883, they were removed thence, and placed

in a sarcophagus of white Sicilian marble

in the Harvey Chapel above. The end of

the sarcophagus is inscribed

William Harvey Born 1578. Died 1657 and on the side is the following :

" The remains of William Harvey, Discoverer of the Circulation of the Blood, were reverently placed in this sarcophagus by the Royal College of Physicians in the year 1883."

In the church is a bust of Harvey sur- mounted by his coat of arms, and having below it a Latin inscription to his memory.

JOHN T. PAGE,

Long Ttchington, Warwickshire. (To be continued.)

A NORMAN "MOTTE" THEORY.

IN a book called ' Early Norman Castles of the British Isles,' just published, Mrs, E. S. Armitage attempts to show that certain " moated hillocks with courts attached,'' found in many parts of this country, are a type of fortification introduced at the Norman Conquest, and she calls the hillocks " mottes," as " being the only specific name which they ever had."

Archaeologists have hitherto believed that the right name of such earthworks is the A.-S. burh, borough, and have not thought