Page:Notes and Queries - Series 11 - Volume 3.djvu/441

 us. HI. JUNE 3, ion.] NOTES AND QUERIES.

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stood almost at the foot of Fore Street Hill, or quite close to the city walls Jenkins says it was actually situate on the walls, and appears to have been erected " as an additional defence to the city walls, and it was converted to that purpose during the siege of the city by the Parlia- ment army, the Royalists having placed a culverin on it, which greatly annoyed the besiegers and occasioned the demolition of the church though the tower received very little damage." On the 27th Oct., 1657, the Corporation passed the following resolution :

" Whereas the roof of the parish church of All- hallows on the Walls and a decayed wall adjoining thereto is become very dangerous and likely to fall, to the great danger and hurt of people passing near, it is hereupon agreed and ordered that the roof be taken down, and such part ot the said wall, as shall be conceived necessary."

It, however, appears that the church was sold to the parishioners on the llth May following for 331. 6s. 8d. The three bells in the tower were subsequently disposed of for 301. , and Oliver says

" the unserviceable church continued an eyesore and nuisance until the decision to erect the Exeter new Bridge, when it was utterly demolished in May, 1770."

A new church was erected some distance away, but quite close to the City walls, the foundation stone being laid by the Bishop of Exeter on the 4th April, 1843.

W. G. WILLIS WATSON. 19, Park Road, Exeter.

In Oxford Michael guarded two gates and Peter the other two :

Invigilat portze auatrali boreseque ^Michael Exortum solem Petrus regit atque cadentem.

The well-known Norman tower of Si> Michael at the North Gate was almost, if not quite, upon the wall, and formed an additional fortification to the North Gate (with Bocardo the prison above it) as well as acting as the belfry of its adjoining church.

St. Michael's at the South Gate lay just outside the town wall, and was removed by Wolsey to obtain room for the south- west 'corner of the great quadrangle (Tom Quad.) of Cardinal's College (now Christ Church). The ancient church of St. Peter's in the East lies a little within the wall ; as did St. Peter le Bailey (i.e., in the Bailey of the Castle), which was rebuilt in 1874 at a greater distance from the site of the West Gate and northwards of its original position. A R BAYLEY.

" ORGEAT " (11 S. iii. 388). The horchata de chufas is still one of the delights and solaces of the summer in Madrid, and on hot days the horchaterias are always full in the after- noons. No doubt the liquid was originally expressed from barley (though creme d'orge has become a soup), but it is now always made from sweet almonds. It is of the consistency of milk, or perhaps a little thinner, and is always iced (not frozen). It is a most delicious drink, and is much nicer than the " milk " of cocoa-nuts, to which it has a slight affinity. So far as I know, it is simply made by subjecting the fresh almonds to pressure. S. G.

Orgeat is at the present day a syrup frequently made of sweet and bitter almonds, lemon-juice, barley-water, sugar, orange- flower water, and rectified spirit.

T. SHEPHERD.

Littre gives the following quotation from Bern, de Gordon, Traduct., iv. 4. (14th cen- tury) :

" Et se nous voulons faire orgeat, ostes 1'escorche de 1'orge et le laves en plusieurs eaues donlces, puis la cuyses autant que chair de yache, puis le broyes trestout en ung mortier, et puis destrempes en lait d'amelles, et le coules, et le cuises a petit feu tant qu'il commence a especir."

Lait d'amelles is probably a mistranscript for lait d'amandes. JOHN HODGKIN.

Orgeat is mentioned by Miss Edgeworth in ' Belinda,' chap. xiii. S. B.

JAMES BALLANTYNE'S KELSO PRESS (11 S. iii. 347, 396). In addition to the books already mentioned as being printed at the Border Press by the Ballantynes may be mentioned * Eve of St. John : a Bolder Ballad,' by Walter Scott, Esq., Advocate, 4to, 1800. * Sale Catalogue of the Library of John, Duke of Roxburghe,' 8vo, 1813: this library was sold in Lauder's Ball Room, Kelso, 16 September, 1813 ; there were 1383 lots. 'Life of Prof. C. L. F. Gellert,' translated from the German, by Mrs. Douglas, 8vo, 3 vols., 1805. ' An Apo- logy for Tales of Terror : a Thing of Shreds and Patches,' and was the first book printed by James Ballantyne. In the Proceedings of the Edinburgh Biblio- graphical Society for 1894 there is a most interesting and valuable paper on the book by Mr. George P. Johnstone, the Secre- tary of the Society. There was a first edition of Douglas's * Journey from Berne to Eng- and,' published in 1796.

In connexion with the office there was a good jobbing printer's business. The