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NOTES AND QUERIES, [n s. vm. NOV 29, 1013.

9. " In clavis ferreis xiij dowlegyi* et elaspes et staples ij-s. ijrf. ob." Windsor Treasurer's Account, 1404-5.

10. " Locando eandem [cisternam] in theca duratea vocata a wodden case." Declared Accounts. Pipe Office, 3335 (1574). Does it mean " protective," to make it last ?

11. " Unam sedem in muro cum arcubus edifica- tam et aliam tecturam cum Carthole* ex utraque parte ejusdem sedis." Can they have been "quart- holes," quatrefoil openings in the wall? (Same account as last.)

12. "j lapide pro instruments operariorum cum jUitf [c] ferri." Pipe Roll, 1358-60. -In the same account and in the same connexion has been read sisuV. One must be a misreading of the other. Which is right, and what does it mean ?

13. "A large space of green fill'd with trees,

Lawrell, FrUleroy, Cyprus, yews, heads a Pirramids, and Mirtles." Circa 1710. Celia Fiennes, ' Diary ' <1888), 582.

14. " The halpace betwene the kynges watchyng Chambre and his holy day t Closet." Rawl. MS. D. 777, f. 76 (1535).

15. " In C Jiuptylez et ix Rooftyle." Windsor Treas. Ace., 1404-5.

16. "In stipendiis mulierum falcancium Tcumphoz et urtices [sic] circa Turrim." Exch. K.R. 492, 19 <1319-20).

17. The king's carpenter is to receive from the forester "duos tortos poster, vj latios [?] et iij clauvus[f\ " for repairs of the kitchen. The queried words are doubtful readings. What are " tortos postes'"? If the carpenter had been directed to make them, we should be inclined to think that they were " thrown " or lathe- turned posts.

18. "In factura j pentisir ad introitum claustri {boards and labour] et Rases et legges empt, ad vjU" Windsor Treas. Ace., 1491-2.

19. "In reparacione ij oatenarum extra portam xteriorem cum viij malettis novis et clavis grossis t emendacione magne catene," &c. (1295-6).

20. "Pro factura iiij/xx xiij pikes pro caminis camerarum canonicorum ad tascam de ferro pro- prio iij-s. xd. ob." Pipe Roll, 1353-4. It should be remembered that caminus is a fireplace, not what we now call a chimney.

21. Situd', see No. 12.

22. Sparstone. The term appears in an account of building materials, 1363-5. Fifty loads of it were received from the Sheriff of Lincoln. Can it have been gypsum, to be burnt for plaster ?

23. 'In C stamysonnail et iiij/xx x clavis

cum stannq dealbatis." Pipe Roll, 1358-60.

24. " ffor iij c of v strokhede nayles tynned ffor the new Dore in the Colege garden wall price vjs." MS. Book of Payments, 1533-4.

25. "ffor the plommers to put in the taberdes over the gutters." Rawl. MS. D. 775, f. 64 (1534-5). " Taberdes" for a roof are referred to in ' N.E.D.,' but not explained. In June, 1533, the *' tabart off the lantorne off the kynges closett " was repaired. Rawl. MS. D. 777. A Windsor account roll for 1492 mentions two " tabards" on the corner of the "processional cloister."

26. "In xxx ml Traversnail emptis pro parietibus oamerarum canonicorum precij millene xiijr/." <1352-3). These nails occur constantly in the accounts, and seem to have been some sort of lath- nails.

27. "In stipendiis ad emendandum circa mag-

nam capellam de tribulis et fetore columbarum per

ij dies xdL" (1308). "Tribulus" is gorse in some early glossaries, but thistle in Gen. iii. 18, and that is probably the meaning here.

28. Charges for 2,700 and 2.800 trowtathi* at ox , and 1,300 other laths at 4*., the thousand (1362-3).

29. " Et in CC clavis emptis et trystes

(crystes, crests ?) pro eodem [armariolo]." Windsor Treas. Ace., 1496-7.

30. "In Ixvj pedibus Waferbord et iij petris vocatis modirston." Windsor Treas. Ace.. 1404-5.

31. "A large ivater flower. A bearded and wrinkled man's face between two waterjlou-er*, the stalks of which issue from the corners of his mouth." And often besides. Description of the baberies or carvings und^r the seats of the quire stalls at St. George's, Windsor (1913). Water- flowers are mentioned in Legg and Hope's 'Inven- tories of Christchurch, Canterbury,' 185, 218 : " one olde cope of purple velvet with a mater floure of Venice golde"; "iij (albes and amises) of Satten Redde and blewe embrodred wythe water ffiwers of golde." But the term is not explained in the Glossary. Is it a conventional water-lily ?

I shall be glad to see explanations of any or all of the italicized words, including derivations, if known. J. T. F.

" TRAM- CAB." We should be glad of an instance of this compound before 1881, when we have it from The Times of 19 Jan. We think it was in use a few years earlier. The synonym tram-carriage is instanced as early as 1868. We should also like tram-line before 1886.

" TRAMP." Simmonds's ' Dictionary of Trade Products,' 1858, among many other senses of tramp, has that of "an instrument for trimming hedges." Can any one tell us what this instrument is or was, and where used ? It is not mentioned in Wright's English Dialect Dictionary.'

J. A. H. MURRAY. Oxford.

" PAIL " : BUTTER RENTS. In 1331 Eygnon Loyd, Ryngild of the commote of Ughdulas (Denbigh), rendered his account for the period from 28 Sept., 1330. to 3 Feb., 1331. Among the entries for Kilkemmeys and Mathebrut is one :

' de .xxx.s. iii.d. de .ix. vasis butiri et .j. vasculo quod vocatur pael per nianus natiuorum ville de Kylkemmeys ad terminum omnium Sanctorum." Ministers' Ace., 1182/1.

Junius's transcript (MS. Jun. 71, p. 26) of the Rubens MS. of ^Ifric's ' Vocabulary ' gives among the " nomina vasorum " : ' Gillo, wsegel." Kluge's collation of MS. Addit. 32,246 in the British Museum* is evidence that this should have been copied pcegel.

Is it known what the contents of the vas and the pael were respectively ? Q. V.

In Anglia, viii. (1885), 448 sqq.