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NOTES AND QUERIES. [11 s. vra. SEPT. 27, ms.

AUTHORS OF QUOTATIONS WANTED (US. v. 411). I have accidentally come across the reply, at the above reference, of PROF. EDWARD BENSLY, writing from University College, Aberystwyth, to an inquiry under the above heading at 11 S. v. 268.

For the sake of accuracy, may I be per- mitted to state that the name of my great- grandfather, Head Master of Christ's Hos- pital, was the Rev. James Boyer, and not the Rev. James Bowyer ?

FRANCIS H. RELTON.

9, Broughton Road, Thornton Heath.

JULES VERNE (US. viii. 168). MR. LING will find a great number of Jules Verne's stories in Routledge's Every Boy's Annual. They were the best translations issued at that time, and caught Jules Verne's style in a way which some translators did not.

I have not all the volumes by me, but I think that the series of books started with c Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea,' then went on to ' The Mysterious Island.'

If MB. LING is acquainted with Jules Verne, he will recollect that Capt. Nemo appears first in ' Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea,' and next in the second or third volume of ' The Mysterious Island.' He is also mentioned in another rambling story called 'A Voyage round the World.'

I do not know if all these stories appeared in Every Boy's Annual, but I find that the section of the last-named tale headed ' New Zealand ' appeared in the Annual for 1878. This may be some guide to MR. LING.

WILLIAM BULL.

Hammersmith.

LANCASHIRE SOBRIQUETS (11 S. viii. 125' 197). Your correspondents may be inter- ested to know that I have frequently heard the epithet "Rachda Bulldogs," and recent inquiries have confirmed this. Unfortu- nately, I cannot at the moment trace any use of this sobriquet in dialect literature. My impression always was that the by- name was got from the prevalence of bull- baiting at Rochdale, where the sport prob- ably persisted to as late a date as in any part of the country. F. WILLIAMSON.

Rochdale.

In all probability COL. FISHWTCK knows much more than I do on the subject: I did but repeat the tale as it was told to me. Left to myself, I might have thought that felly = fellow was used too generally in Lancashire to be appropriated to Rachda ; however, we have " Liverpool gentleman " and " Manchester man," &c., to match it.

Perhaps the *' Bulldog " may have died out now that the cinema has taken the place of bull-baiting. In a book which is just now at hand ' Annals of a Yorkshire House ' - I find this note (ii. 71) :

" At Rochdale 5,000 people witnessed a bull salted the whole day in the middle of the river "between 1792-6 ?]. It [baiting] was not made llegal till 1835."

ST. SWITHIN.

"CAT-GALLOWS" (11 S. viii. 188). A cat-gallows is an arrangement of two- upright sticks with cut-off branches forking off at different heights, supporting a trans- verse stick for boys to jump over, or from which a cat might be hanged. I should suppose that the Cat-Gallows Bridge at Nuneaton bears some resemblance to a construction of this kind. J. T. F.

Winter ton, Lines.

[C. C. B. who suggests that the Nuneaton bridge was so named from its flimsy appearance- and W. B. H. also thanked for replies.]

THE CLAY PIPES OF GENTILITY (US. viii. 190). Certainly clay pipes were in fashion- able use in the middle of the last century. Two famous tobacconists of that time have been handed down to posterity as makers of such pipes Milo, in the Strand, and Inderwick, near Leicester Square in a cer- tain burlesque poem of 1853, in praise o an old black pipe :

Think not of meerschaum is that bowl : away, Ye fond enthusiasts 1 it is common clay, By Milo stamped, perchance by Milo's hand, And for a tizzy purchased in the Strand. Famed are the clays of Inderwick, and fair The pipes of Fiolet from Saint Omer. As to the last see Larousse, ' Grand Dic- tionnaire.'

But, alas ! their lights have all been long since put out by the intrusion of briar-roots^ See ' N. & Q.' of April (I think), 1885 [6 S. xi. 323]. WM. E. BROWNING.

Before briar-root pipes came into common- use clay pipes were of necessity smoked bjr all classes. When I matriculated at Oxford at the Easter of 1858 about the time that ' Ask Mamma ' was published University men used to be rather particular about the pipes they smoked. The finest were made in France, and the favourite brand was " Fiolet, St. Omer." I do not know if this kind is still smoked, but it was made of a soft clay that easily coloured. In taverns, of course, the churchwarden beloved of Carlyle and Tennyson was usually smoked to the accompaniment of shandygaff. At Simpson's fish ordinary at Billingsgate