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NOTES AND QUERIES. [n s. x. SEPT. 26, 1914.

mean that my presence was not required, and that I might "send the seals to John Russell to deliver up for me.

" Accordingly I sent them up from hence by a messenger, who was ordered to go down with thorn to Windsor in the special train from London which was to convey the ministers, and he was to deliver them to John Russell at Windsor. But it turned out that what John Russell meant was that I need not come round by London to go to Windsor from hence but might go across from Basingstoke to Reading, and that the seals might be sent down to me from London.

" It certainly did not require the wisdom of a Prime Minister to tell me this. The result was that the Queen waited an hour in expectation of my arrival, and then John Russell discovered the messenger and the box with the seals, and he delivered them to the Queen. On hearing this I wrote a letter of explanation which John Russell sent to the Queen, and she was satisfied." The above letter is given in the Hon. Evelyn .Ashley's ' Life of Lord Palmerston.'

R. B.

Upton.

G. W. E. R. is referred to p. 157 of vol. ii. -of the ' Letters of Queen Victoria,' published ~by John Murray (1907), wherein Viscount Palmerston relates that he, "in a fit of absence," arrived at the Nine Elms Station for Windsor, instead of Paddington. It may be noted, however, that he did not get into any train, as he was too late for the Council meeting at Windsor.

CHAS. L. CUMMINGS.

Sunderland

THE PATRON SAINT OF PILGRIMS (11 S. x. 210). St. Julian was the patron saint of pilgrims, travellers, and of the nomad professions, such as wandering musicians, itinerant dancers, &c. There is a curious -story of the rescue of a leper, covered by "unsightly wounds, from the snow and ice in an almost frozen condition, by St. Julian the Hospitaller, or the Poor, as he was some- times called. He is said to have shared his nuptial bed with the leper, who immediately recovered. His " saint's day " is 29 Jan.

St. Christopher, 25 July, was credited with protection during journeys amongst the mountains, as was also St. Petronilla, -31 May.

Other patron saints of pilgrims were
 * St. Alexis the Confessor, 17 July ; St. James

the Elder, apostle and martyr, 25 July ; St. Mathurin, Matelin, Mathelin, or Maturin the Confessor, 9 Nov. ; and St. Nicholas, Archbishop of Mire, 6 Dec.

The patrons of travellers other than pilgrims were St. Julian the Hospitaller. 29 Jan. ; St. Valentine of Rome, also patron -of affianced young ladies and gentlemen,

14 Feb. ; St. Gertrude, Abbess of Nivelle in Brabant, who was also invoked against rats and mice, 17 March; St. Joseph, hus- band of the Virgin Mary, 19 March ; St. An- thony of Padua, 13 June ; St. Raphael the Archangel, 24 Oct. ; St. Martin, the Bishop of Tours and patron of France, 11 Nov. ; and St. Nicholas, Archbishop of Mire, 6 Dec. i

The patrons of mariners and sea -travellers were St. Eulalie of Barcelona, 12 Feb. ; St. Wulfrand, Archbishop of Sens, 20 March ; St. Anne, the mother of the Virgin Mary, 26 July ; and St. Fran?ois Xavier, apostle of the Indies, who was also invoked against storms and plagues, 3 Dec.

THOMAS WM. HTTCK.

38, King's Road, Willesden Green, N.W.

I should say it was St. James Major. He is often represented in pilgrim garb, bearing a scrip and bourdon. The fact that his shrine at Compostela attracted so many wanderers would lead to the belief that he took special interest in their fortunes, j St. Julian looked after the interests of inn- keepers ; and I think porters sought help of St. Christopher, though he was good for the whole day to anybody who set eyes on the gigantic picture of him upon the wall. A rime to that effect is well known.

ST. S WITHIN.

In Parker's ' Calendar of the Anglican Church' (1851) it is recorded concerning St. Julian :

" For his great liberality to travellers and way- farers, he is called Hospitator, and is considered the patron saint of travellers, ferrymen, and wandering minstrels."

No indication is given as to the patronage of St. Christopher. JOHN T. PAGE.

St. Julian the Good Harbourer was the patron saint of travellers and of hospitality. He is represented as either receiving the poor and afflicted, or ferrying travellers across a river. Chaucer's Frankeleyn

An houshaldere, and that a gret, was he ;

Seynt Julian he was in his count re.

St. James the Great of Compostella is attired as a pilgrim, his cloak being covered with scallop shells. A. R. BAYLEY.

Mrs. Arthur Bell's ' Lives and Legends of the Great Hermits,' pp. 35-9, gives the career of St. Julian the Hospitable (San Giuliano Ospitale, Julien 1'Hospitalier or Julien le Pauvre), who, like St. Christopher, worked as a ferryman, and carried across a heavenly visitant in the guise of a leper. His wife was St. Basilissa, and their marriage