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NOTES AND QUERIES. tn s. x. AUG. i, 1914.

These are the three passages in which it occurs.

Sir Francis Vere in his ' Com- mentaries ' has the form " gallions " : see ' N.E.D.,' s.v., where also there is this quotation from Dibdin in ' Naval Chron.,' xiii. :

We took a Galloon,

And the Crew touch'd the Agent for cash to some tune.

C. C. B.

When I first went to school, about 1860, I used a spelling-book which gave the pronun- ciation, and in that book " galleon " was said to be pronounced " galloon/' There seems to be a tendency, when foreign words ending in on are converted into English ones, to make the termination oon ; for instance, gadroon, maroon (the colour), saloon, Walloon, and others. DIEGO.

THE ACTION OF VINEGAR ON ROCKS (11 S. x. 11). Any rock of calcareous structure, whether of chalk or marble or calcareous spar, would, of course, be subject to the action of vinegar or any other acid. In the case of vinegar the carbonic acid would be displaced by the acetic acid, and an acetate of calcium formed instead of a carbonate. If enough vinegar could be employed, the whole rock might, in fact, be dissolved. In rocks which are partially siliceous the solution would, of course, be incomplete. This would, no doubt, be the first effect, solution of the accessible part of the calcium carbonate. But the idea of blasting need not be excluded. It is also quite conceivable that if a large quantity of acid were introduced into a calcareous rock embedded in others that are non-calcareous, the sudden liberation and expansion of carbonic acid would cause the disruption of the latter. The principle is precisely the same as when gunpowder or dynamite is used for blasting. All these methods depend for their effect on the sudden liberation of gas. J. FOSTER PALMER.

8, Royal Avenue, S.W.

GENERAL FRANCIS COLUMBINE (11 S. ix. 408, 478, 499). I possess what I have been informed is a rare mezzotint portrait of General Francis Columbine and his wife, engraved by J. Faber, jun., after Joseph Highmore. The general is seen on the right of the picture, nearh' whole length, holding a truncheon in his right hand, his three- cornered hat tucked under his left arm. His wife is seated on the left, wearing a hand- some silk gown, a cap, and a pearl necklace.

She holds a chaplet of laurel leaves. Behind her is a parrot, and in the further distance a ship. The print measvires 16 in. by 12 J in., and the original picture seems to have been painted in 1741. I should be glad if any correspondent could tell me the whereabouts of the latter. JOHN LANE.

The Bodley Head, Vigo Street, W.

REV. JAMES THOMAS (11 S. x. 50). A clergyman of these names was Vicar of Bolton-in-the-Sands, curate of Lancaster, and curate of Wyersdale in 1817, as appears in Rivington's ' Clerical Guide ' for that year, the first publication of the kind. He is probably the person inquired for.

W. D. MACRAY.

THE FIRST BARMAID (US. ix. 148, 197, 238). According to the Historical MSS. Commission in its report (llth) on the MSS. of the Borough of Lynn, there is in the Assembly (or Congregation) Book of this borough, which extended from 31 Henry VI. to 11 Henry VII., the following rule, dated 30 Oct., 5 Edward IV. :

" This day it is ordeyned by all the Congregation abovesaide that no man within the Towne of Lenne dwellyng fro hens furthward shall kepe nor favour nor mayteyue eny common Tapster with in his house as servaunt or tenaunt, whiche is knowen for a misgoverned woman, upon peyne of XIs. als often as ony persone is so founden defectif."

If the meaning of the word " tapster " is the same as that of the present day, then it would appear that barmaids were known at a much earlier period than has yet been indicated.

H. W. K.

ALEXANDER INNES, D.D. (11 S. x. 29). There is an interesting reference to this " past master in the arts of imposture " at p. 219 of the late W. P. Courtney's ' Secrets of our National Literature ' (Constable), 1908. EDITOR ' IRISH BOOK LOVER.'

ORLEBAR (11 S. x. 12). This seems to be a place-name derived from the village of Orlingbury, co. Northants, but it must not be assumed that all the persons who took the name of " de Orlingbury " or " of Orling- bury " were originally related. A history of the village and manor will be found in Bridges's ' Northamptonshire.'

There is a pedigree of Orlebar of Hinwick, Beds, in Harvey's ' Hundred of Willey/ p. 392, which, however, does not go back beyond the seventeenth century. See also authorities cited in Marshall's ' Genea- logist's Guide.* B. WHITEHEAD. Temple.