Page:Notes and Queries - Series 10 - Volume 8.djvu/521

 10 s. VIIL NOV. so, loo?.] NOTES AND QUERIES.

431

We get among other variants " fyftye dolle," " fyfty doyle," " the fyften," " s the xv dolle," and the " V dole." Mr. T. W. Rundle has pointed out that dole= share and that " it seems not unlikely that the term ' Fyfty dole ' may be a form of fiith- or fift-dole (O.E. flftha- or fifta-dael)."

ETHEL LEGA-WEEKES.

"MOUCHARABY" (10 S. viii. 390). This word is derived from the Arabic verbal root sharaba, signifying " he drank," and its application is explained by Lane in the first chapter of his ' Modern Egyptians,' ed. 1837. The meshrebeeyeh, as Lane spells it, is a projecting window made of turned lattice- work. From the larger window a smaller one is sometimes thrown out, on the bottom of which porous water-vessels (coozahs) are placed, in which the water, exposed to the hot winds, is cooled by evaporation. Thence the name originated. From this primary sense it is easy for a French writer to evolve the secondary meaning given in ' The Imperial Dictionary.' The word could never have been applied to the Hotel de Sens, Paris, or to Carisbrooke Castle, except in the imagination of some " painter in words." W. F. PRIDEATJX.

The Arabic noun mashrabiyyah, quoted from Dozy, is highly irregular. The word intended is doubtless the classical Arabic noun mashrabah, defined in the dictionaries as meaning " an upper chamber used for convivial assemblies." The method of forma- tion of mashrabah is perfectly regular. It is the so-called " noun of place," made by prefixing ma- and affixing -ah to the verbal root. Literally it implies a drinking-place. It is derived from the verb sharab, to drink, from which comes also our word " sherbet." JAS. PLATT, Jun.

Among my notes on French architectural words I have the following on moucharaby.

Moucharaby is not noticed by Littre nor by Bescherelle ; ' Nouveau Larousse,' how- ever, has the following :

" Moucharaby ou Moucharabieh. Constr. Sorte de grillage en bois, place 1 en avant d'une fenetre sur la rue, et d'ou Ion peut voir sans etre vu. Fortif. Sorte de balcon, garni d'un parapet eleve et offrant par le bas une grande puverture pour lancer des projectiles, que 1'on 4tablissait au moyen age au-dessus des portes et des fenetres sujettes a 1'escalade."

There is also a definition of moucharaby in Chabat's ' Dictionnaire des Termes em- ployes dans la Construction,' 1875-6.

In Berty's ' Vocabulaire archeologique

franais-anglais et anglais-francais,' 1853, a moucharaby is said to be a " small gallery supported upon machicolations " ; and Mothes's ' Dictionnaire technologique fran- 9ais-allemand-anglais,' 1874, has the follow- ing : "Moucharaby. Assommoir. (Arch.) Die Pechnase. Coillon, machicooli." Coillon (cullion, sense 3 in ' N.E.D.') is a very unusual word, but those who are familiar with Mothes's dictionary are aware of the strange words he often uses.

The ' Dictionary of Architecture ' issued by the Architectural Publication Society notices moucharaby, and says of it that it is " one of the ways of writing Mashara- beeyeh " ; and masharabeeyeh or meshre- beeyeh (I copy the accents exactly) is defined as " the Turkish name for an enclosure on an upper floor projecting beyond the front of the building, in which persons sit to enjoy the air." No reference is made to any other meaning, but the compilers of the dictionary must have been aware that moucharaby has a meaning different from this in French, for under machicolation is the following note :

"A good article with illustrations of couronne- nients, cr^neaux, moucharabys, machicoulis, hourds, &c., is given in Daly, Revue Odnerale, Paris, 1843, iv. 385-96."

BENJ. WALKER.

Gravelly Hill, Erdington.

PIE : TAUT (10 S. viii. 109, 134, 157, 178, 195). In ' Antiquitates Culinarise ; or, Curious Tracts relating to the Culinary Affairs of the Old English, with a Preli- minary Discourse,' &c., by Richard Warner, London, 1791, the word " tart," spelt in various ways, occurs frequently. The ' 'con- tents " of the book are (see pp. lix, Ix) : 1. ' The Forme of Cury,' a roll of ancient English cookery, compiled about 1390 by the master cooks of Richard II. (The original, which was copied by Samuel Pegge the elder, and published by him in 1780, had disappeared when Warner was writing his book.) 2. A vellum manuscript in the possession of Pegge, to which Warner (p. 37) gives the title of ' Ancient Cookery, A.D. 1381.' 3. Recipes from a MS. in the library of the Royal Society, Arundel Collection, No. 344, pp. 275-445, reproduced by the Society of Antiquarians in 1790 in ' A Collection of Ordinances and Regula- tions for the Government of the Royal Household,' &c., p. 425, &c.

In ' The Forme of Cury ' (p. 12) No. 50 is

" Tartlettes. Take pork ysode (sodden], and grynde (bruise) it small with safronn, medle (mix) it with ayren (eggs) and raisons of coraunce, and