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NOTES AND QUERIES. [io s. v. MABCH 10, 190&

plained that there were detectives present. The 'Dictionary of National Biography' mentions that he was secretary to the fund started to defend Mr. E. Truelove for publishing a defence of Orsini's attempt to assassinate Napoleon III. Among those who publicly subscribed were Harriet Martineau, John Stuart Mill, and Prof. F. W. Newman. 1 have this pamphlet, entitled * Tyrannicide,' with a collection of others on the same subject. These I showed to Holyoake one Sunday when he came to visit me at my house at Streatham. He was greatly interested, and told me that the pamphlet ' Tyrannicide ' had been offered to him, and gave me his reasons for not publishing it. He, however, published a translation of Pyat's * Letter to the Parliament and the Press.'

Bradlaugh lectured as Iconoclast to shield himself in his weekday employment, and he made use of the name until his first contest at Northampton in 1868.

Mrs. Holyoake Marsh tells me that her father's pseudonym on The Leader news- paper (about 1850) was "Ion": "This is probably what has confused MR. HEMS, but I agree with you in thinking that my father never lectured under the name of ' Ion.' Bradlaugh was { Iconoclast.' "

I should like to say one word as to Holy- oake's great charm of manner. He was a perfect gentleman, as all will testify who enjoyed his friendship.

JOHN C. FRANCIS.

MR. HARRY HEMS is mistaken concerning the late G. J. Holyoake. and his having lectured under the name of Iconoclast. MR. HEMS'S memory has failed him in substituting Holyoake for Charles Bradlaugh, who did use that name both at the time and place referred to. The following will be ample to prove the error.

4 The Life of Charles Bradlaugh,' by Hypatia Bradlaugh - Bonner, 1894, vol. i.

E. 42, says that about 1854 Charles Brad- tugh

" took the name of ' Iconoclast,' under the thin veil of which he did all his anti-theological work until he became candidate for Parliament in 1868 ; thenceforward he always spoke and wrote under his own name, whatever the subject he was dealing with. An appearance of concealment was dread- fully irksome to him, though in 1854 he had very little choice."

Bradlaugh lectured at Sheffield in 1858, and went there again and again. "Sheffield almost adopted the young Iconoclast' as their own " (p. 119). A perusal of any of the lives of Bradlaugh will show that the Sheffield

lectures were delivered by him under that nom de guerre, and not by George Jacob Holyoake. In no instance can I find in any of the late G. J. Holyoake's writings a claim that he either in writing or lecturing adopted the name Iconoclast. He was in the early times referred to associated with Mr. Brad- laugh, and as a matter of fact on 10 Oct., 1850, took the chair for the youthful orator at his lecture delivered at Phil pot Street, Commercial Road (Bonner's ' Life,' vol. i. p. 22). JOSEPH COLYER MARRIOTT.

36, Claremont Road, Highgate.

Surely MR. HARRY HEMS is wrong in say- ing that at one period of his life Mr. Holy- oake lectured under the name of Iconoclast. Every person of middle age or upwards, who has taken any interest in the political and theological controversies of the middle of last century, will be aware, that at that time the late Charles Bradlaugh, M.P., was known by the above assumed name. I have in my possession a small pamphlet, * Autobiography of Mr. C. Bradlaugh,' in which the author gives a sketch of his life mainly relating to matters theological up to the early seventies. On p. 8 he says :

"It was then [1853] I, to in some degree avoid the efforts which were afterwards made to ruin me, took the name ' Iconoclast,' under which all my anti-theological work down to 1868 was done."

ABM. NEWELL.

Longfield Road, Todmorden.

My almost lifelong friend Mr. Henry Gough, barrister of the Middle Temple, and well known as an historical and heraldic antiquary, now living at Redhill in his eighty-fourth year, was one of the great army of special constables in London in 1848. He still retains one of two batons given to him; it is of oak, 1 Scinches long and 4^ round. His period of service was supposed to last for one year.

W. D. MACRAY.

Ducklington, Witney.

GEORGE lll.'s DAUGHTERS (10 th S. iv. 167, 236, 291, 336, 493 ; v. 37). M. LE COMMANDANT REBOUL may perhaps find further informa- tion by consulting ' The Correspondence of the Princess Lieven and Lord Grey ' (3 vols., 1890). In a letter dated 4 February, 1829 (a month previous to that quoted by M. LE COMMANDANT), the Princess writes :

"I have heard a horrible business talked about in the matter of the Duke of Cumberland], and the relations existing between him and his sister. They say a certain person named Garth intends to publish documentary proof of the affair. In this I judge without knowing the evidence and off-hand