Page:Notes and Queries - Series 10 - Volume 4.djvu/202

 164 NOTES AND QUERIES. [io» a. iv. A™. 26,1905. and is healed" (61). "The Deere being stroken though never so deep, feedeth on tht herb Dictaninutn [sic], and forth with i; •healed," ' Carde of Fancie' (iv. 58). In Virgi <'^En.,' xii.) and in Pliny. 11. "Albeit their heartes seem tender, yel they harden them lyke the stone of Sicilia the which the more it is beaten the harder ii is " (56). " Shee will prove lyke the Stone of Silicia, which the more it is beaten the harder it is," ' Carde of Fancie' (iv. 46). Which is the wiser here? "The stones of Sicillia" are used again for another purpose in Greene's ' Vision ' (xii. 202). Many misprints in Greene -are corrected in this manner. H. C. HABT. (To be continued.) FOUR ETYMOLOGICAL NOTES. Bayonet.—' H.E.D.' throws some doubt on •the usual derivation from Bayonne. But 1 think the etymologists have the support •of history in maintaining the traditional derivation. 'H.E.D.' quotes Des Accords (1583) for the phrase " bayonnettes de Bayonne." This is pretty early evidence, •considering that the bayonet appears to have 'been used in the modern way long after the Wars of the League. Voltaire, to be sure, in the'Henriade' (chant viii.) mentions the use of this weapon in the battle of Ivry •(1590):— Au mousquet ivuni le sanglant coutelaa Deja de tous cot<5s ]>orte un double trepas. -Cette arme que jadis, pour depeupler la terre, Dans Baionne inventa le demon de la guerre, Rassemble en menie temps, digne fruit de 1'enfer, •Ce qu'ont de plus terrible et la tlamme et le fer. But in a note he says: " La baionnette au bout du fusil ne fut en usage que long-temps apres. Le nom de baionnette vient de Baionne, ou 1'ori fit les premieres bai'onnettes." Marquee.—This word is doubtless Fr. mar- •quise. But no English dictionary, as far as I know, has explained the exact meaning of marquiie. Dr. Skeat explains simply, "a large tent, orig. a tent for a marchioness or lady of rank. This explanation is pictur- esque, but neither exact nor historical. A marquise is not strictly a tent, and is not intended for a lady of high rank. The word is defined in the dictionary of the French Academy (ed. 178G) as follows : " Terme qui eat en usage parmi les gens de guerre, pour signifier, une tente de toile, qu'un officier fait tendre par-dessus sa tente, pour y etre d'autant plus a 1'abri des injures de 1'air." Hatzfeld explains: "Toile tendue au-dessus des tentes d'officier." The word is, no doubt, a figurative use of marquise, the wife of a marquis. Monkey. — Prof. Skeat derives this word from Moneke, the name of the ape's son in ' Reinke de Vos," a version of the Beast Epic, published A.D. 1498. He connects the word Moneke with the Ital. niona, a monkey, and madonna, my lady. I think another etymo- logy is possible. It should be noted that in ' Reinke' nearly all the names of the animals are real names, or ^et-names of men and women, as, for instance, Roldewin ; Ilinze, pet- name of Ilinrek (Henry); Liitke, pet-name of Ludolf; Metke, pet-name of Mechthild (Matilda); Reinke, pet - name of Reginhart. Is it not possible that Moneke may be the Koseform of a Christian name also? It has been suggested in Germania, xiv. 216, xvi. 303, that Moneke is a Koseform of the Chris- tian name Simon. Such decapitated forms for pet-names are, of course, extremely com- mon in Italy and Germany. Simon would be a good name for an ape from association with Lat. slmus, Gr. cri/ios, flat-nosed, simia, an ape. Cp. ' Pug.' Paper.—How are we to account for the form paper 1 Is it to be explained as an irregular form of M.E. and A.F. jtapir, adopted from Lat. papyrus, as suggested by 'H.E.D.,' or as directly representing a Romanic form paperum or paperum ? Is the -er in paper to be accounted for by suffix-contamination, i.e., •er for the unusual -ir f or is it due to a Romanic -er- or -er-1 The same difficulty meets us in the French papier (whence G. papier), which cannot be explained by the Latin form. A Romanic form paperum is required to account for Welsh patnoyr, the wick of a lamp or caudle, for which a reed was formerly used ; compare O. Ital. papero ' xipejo, jmpeo a wick, a gunner's match ; see 'lorio. A Romanic form is required to explain Flemish poper, a bulrush, whence Poperingen, orig. the bulrush people; also span, and Port, papel, Catalonian paper. There is a possibility that the Eng. word )aper may be due to a continental Romanic
 * orm introduced through commerce.

A. L. MAYHEW. HARVEST-TIME.—There is not much of the •omantic in harvest-time work in the corn- ields nowadays. The human harvester is superseded by the machine harvester, which cuts, gathers, and binds a sheaf in one opera- inn, and does in one working day more than six men could do in three under the old system; yet there is no better result now inancially, if the cry of hard times is to be jelieved, than was the case sixty years ago,