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NOTES AND QUERIES. [io* s. HI. JAN. u,

dressed in a pea-green coat, with an immense nosegay in the button- holes, which had been pre- >sented to him at St. Sepulchre's steps; and his nankin small-clothes, we were told, were tied at each knee with sixteen strings. After he had passed, and Mr. Nollekens was leading me home by the hand, I recollect his stooping down to me, and observing, in a low tone of voice, 'Tom, now, my little man, if my father-in-law, Mr. Justice Welch, -had been High-constable, we could have walked by the side of the cart all the way to Tyburn."

-Such were the barbarous notions then in vogue as to the duty of " teaching the young idea" by the object lesson of "shocking examples." WALTER B. KINGSFORD.

United University Club.

Even as late as 1869 there were a few old- fashioned schoolmasters who still permitted their pupils to witness executions, from the object-lesson point of view. I was a small Tjoy at a school in Norwich during that year, and I vividly remember being taken by the usher we called assistant masters ushers then to see the last public execution in Norwich. The criminal's name was Hubbard Lingley, and I think he murdered his uncle ; but I have never heard the details of the crime. The whole ghastly scene made a very profound impression on me, and I remember it distinctly to this day. For years I kept one of the broadsides purporting to contain "the last dying speech," fec., with a little woodcut, supposed to represent the actual execution, at the head of it, which were hawked about amongst the crowd.

FREDERICK T. HIBGAME.

ALGONQUIN ELEMENT IN ENGLISH (10 th S. ii. 422). Would MR. PLATT kindly tell us whether the word " wpodchuck," in its meaning of Picus viridis, is the same as that which signifies the Virginian marmot (Arc- tomys monax)'! Further, does the form woodchuck render the sound of the Algonquin word exactly? or has it been modelled by the influence of folk-etymology ?

G. KRUEGER. Berlin.

ENGLISH BURIAL-GROUND AT LISBON (10 th S. ii. 448). Some years ago I endeavoured to obtain through 'N. & Q? information con- cerning the graves of Dr. Dodd ridge and Henry Fielding, both of which are in the English Cemetery at Lisbon. I failed to obtain any first-hand particulars; but should MR. MARSHAM-TOWNSHEND like to refer to what was said, he will find Doddridge at 7 th S. viii. 8, 112, 177, and Fielding at 8 th S. iv. 164, 314.

I very much wish a list of those buried in the English Cemetery at Lisbon could be inserted

in 'N. & Q.' Many distinguished officers who fell in the Peninsular War lie in this sacred enclosure, as well as the two notable men above mentioned. JOHN T. PAGE.

West Haddon, Northamptonshire.

The inscriptions at the Estrella were copied by the late Rev. C. B. Norcliffe, of Langton Hall, Malton, in 1876, and the MS is doubtless still at Langton, in the possession of his brother. The oldest M.I. he copied were those of Sir Samuel Wright, 21 January, 1737-8; Henry Fielding the novelist, and Dr. Philip Doddridge. Mr. Norcliffe informed me that many were concealed by the luxu- riant growth of the prickly pear. Some of the residents at Lisbon prior to the earth- quake are mentioned in the notes in William Carew's Prayer Book, printed in the Mis- cellanea Genealogica, vol. iv., New Series, pp. 321-3; and numerous letters which tell the history of the factories in Portugal (Lisbon and Oporto) are in the English Foreign Office. G. D. LUMB.

Some years since some records with refer- ence to English Roman Catholics buried at Lisbon were obtained from the English College. It would bo worth while inquiring whether the College library contains any account of the cemetery in the last century, as it very likely may do.

FREDERICK T. HIBGAME.

BLOOD USED IN BUILDING (10 th S. ii 389, 455). MR EDWARD PEACOCK is in error when he ranks blood with "other materials equally useless " for imparting strength to mortar. Standage's ' Cements, Pastes,' kc. (Crosby Lockwood & Son, 1893), includes certain recipes for blood cements for filling joints between brick and building stones, &c., bul- lock's blood, slaked lime, ashes, and alum being the ingredients. A Chinese blood cement, said to be in general use for making wooden pasteboard and other vessels water- proof, is composed of 100 parts of slaked lime, 75 parts of bullock's blood well beaten, and 2 parts of alum. In another recipe iron filings and cement are used along with the blood and lime. Milk, cheese, and eggs (chiefly the white) appear in others. The albumen in the blood, white of eggs, &c., appears to be the medium of value.

LIONEL CRESSWELL.

Wood Hall, Calverley.

That this practice has been continued into recent times is certain, for when I spoke to a local builder on the subject he informed me that his father, some years ago, made a lime-ash floor in a cottage situated in the adjoining village of East Budleigh, and