Page:Notes and Queries - Series 10 - Volume 3.djvu/155

 io- s. in. FEB. is, 1905.] NOTES AND QUERIES.

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follows. It begins with the names of a Con- stable of France, followed by three dukes, five counts, over eighty messieurs of high degree, " and four thousand valiant knights and esquires, without counting the common folk." The king's prisoners are given as the Dukes of Orleans and Bourbon, the Marshal of France named Bursegaud, the Count de Rychemond, the Count de Verdon, the Count d'Eu, "and the brother of the Duke d'Alencon, and other gentlemen (et le frere Duyk" de Launson et autres sieurs)." The Latin lan- guage yields to French with Monsieur Dam- piere the first of the slain with this prefix down to the end of the list of those killed upon the French side. The sentence giving the list of French prisoners states the cir- cumstance in Latin, the names in French ; but after that Latin is resumed.

Shakespeare follows Holinshed closely, only omitting mention of " the earle of Nevers," a brother of John (Sanspeur), Duke of Burgundy, the "comes de Nywere" of the Sarurn list. This count was ancestor of the Hohenzollerns, the Kings of Saxony, and the Dukes of Mantua. To take the three lists in order those of Holinshed, Shake- speare, and Sarum each begins with the High Constable of France, called Charles Lord de la Breth, Charles Delabreth, and Dominus de Brut respectively. Charles d'Albret was the bastard brother of Joan, Queen-Dowager of England. He led the van, and died of his wounds the day after the battle. The Count de Rychemond, mentioned above, who was brought a prisoner to Eng- land, was Queen Joan's second son, by her first husband, and afterwards Arthur III., Duke of Brittany. Shakespeare makes the Constable advise the Dauphin not to dis- parage Henry : " You are too much mistaken in this king." Before the battle the Dauphin had said England

is so idly king'd,

Her sceptre so fantastically borne By a vain, giddy, shallow, humorous youth, That fear attends her not.

This prince, Louis, the hero of the tennis- balls, never succeeded to the French throne, but died in the same year as the battle. His next brother Jean was Dauphin, in his turn, but for two years, and was succeeded by the third, afterwards Charles VII., Joan of Arc's king. Of Louis, Orleans is made to say in the play, " He never did harm, that I heard of." "Jaques of Chatilon, Lord of Dampier, admerall of France," is simply " Monsieur Dampiere" in the Sarum list. The latter, unless he figures under another name, omits mention of the Lord Rambures, Master

of the Crossbows. Shakespeare gives him. two lines of dialogue. Sir Guischard Dolphin,. Great Master of France, is, I suppose, represented in the Sarum list by ''Monsieur Gangers de Dolpyn." In the fight the Duke of Alencon commanded the second battle, and, endeavouring to restore the fortune of the day by a furious charge, broke the English line and struck down Hum- phrey, Duke of Gloucester, with his own hand. The English king, rushing forward' to protect his brother, himself received, a blow which brought him to his knees. The French duke was, however, forced- to yield, and was slain before Henry could save him. Jean, Due d'Aleneon, was great-nephew of Philip VI., and ancestor of the House of Bourbon and of the Dukes of" Mantua. The next name is that of Anthony, Duke of Brabant, younger brother of John, Duke of Burgundy, and elder brother of Philip, Count of Nevers, mentioned above. His two sons, John IV. and Philip, dying without issue, the duchy reverted to his nephew, Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy. Though not present at the battle, Burgundy visited soon after the stricken field where - his two uncles had been slain. The next name is that of Edward, Duke of Bap. Shakespeare then gives the names of eight counts : Grand pree, Roussie, Fauconbridge (Fauconberge in Holinshed), Foyes, Beau- mont, Marie, Vaudemont, and Lestrale (Lestrake in Holinshed). The Sarum list, besides the omitted Nevers, gives only Russe, Breue, Saunies, and Grauntepre among the counts ; but among the Messieurs is John de Beaurnond. In the latter list the last name among the slain is that of Mon- sieur de Haly Lerceuesque de Soyns (Sens), In the play Grandpre, " a valiant and most expert gentleman," makes a speech (IV. ii.), in which he describes our men as "yon islands carrions, desperate of their bones." Vaude- mont was Frederick of Lorraine, by his marriage with Margaret, heiress of Vaude- mont and Joinville, ancestor of the House of Guise.

With regard to the French prisoners, both Holinshed and Shakespeare content them- selves with mentioning by name only the- two captured princes of the blood royal and- the Marshal of France the Lord Bouciqualt (Bursegaud in the Sarum list). Jean Bouci- cault had been one of the challengers of Europe at the jousts of St. Ingelvert, where John of Gaunt's two elder sons, the Earl of Derby (aftersvards Henry IV.) and Sir John Beaufort (Earl of Somerset and Marquess of Dorset later), ancestor of the House of r